多环芳烃对两种地衣储水能力的影响

IF 2.3 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 WATER RESOURCES Journal Of Hydrology And Hydromechanics Pub Date : 2023-05-14 DOI:10.2478/johh-2023-0010
Anna Klamerus-Iwan, R. Kozłowski, A. Sadowska-Rociek, E. Słowik-Opoka, D. Kupka, P. Giordani, P. Porada, John T. Van Stan
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摘要

使地衣具有世界性分布的功能性状的广泛变异性通常包括其菌体的储水能力S。森林冠层中的地衣S足够大,可以拦截和蒸发大量雨水,有助于城市森林提供的减少径流的生态系统服务;然而,S可能受到城市地区空气污染物(多环芳烃,PAHs)存在的影响。多环芳烃具有化学疏水性和对地衣菌体的破坏性,预计会降低地衣的S,从而限制其对城市森林水文生态服务的贡献。因此,我们研究了世界各地城市森林中常见的两种地衣——青苔(Platismatia glauca)和furacea (pseudovernia furacea)的多环芳烃积累与雨水吸收之间的关系。样本采集于空气污染程度较低的地区和空气污染程度较高的高度城市化城市中心的另一个地区(Kraków,波兰)。地衣S采用实验室模拟降雨测定。多环芳烃的生物积累在不同物种之间以及清洁环境和污染环境样品之间存在差异。暴露于污染空气后,青花假单胞中多环芳烃的浓度高于糠醛假单胞。然而,来自非城市环境的样本显示两种物种之间没有差异。对于青光假单胞虫,在城市环境中暴露6个月后,S从清洁环境样品中的35.8%下降到8.3%。furfuracea的S值分别为25.4%和12.4%。结果强烈表明,多环芳烃暴露可减少两种地衣中S的含量。所得结果在生态水文学和小气候学上都具有重要意义,是城市森林状况研究的一部分。
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Influence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on water storage capacity of two lichens species
Abstract The wide variability in functional traits that enable the cosmopolitan distribution of lichens often includes the water storage capacity, S, of their thallus. Lichen S in forest canopies can be large enough to intercept and evaporate significant amounts of rainwater, contributing to the runoff-reduction ecosystem services provided by urban forests; however, S is likely influenced by the presence of air pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs) in urban areas. PAHs, being both chemically hydrophobic and damaging to lichen thalli, are expected to reduce lichens’ S and, thereby, limit their contribution to hydrologic ecoservices of urban forests. Hence, the relationship between PAH accumulation and rainwater uptake was examined for two lichen species, common in urban forests around the world – Platismatia glauca and Pseudevernia furfuracea. Samples were collected from an area of low air pollution and another area in a highly urbanized city centre with high air pollution exposure (Kraków, Poland). Lichen S was determined using laboratory-simulated rainfall. PAH bioaccumulation differed between species and among the samples from clean and polluted environments. After exposure to polluted air, the concentration of PAHs was higher in P. glauca than P. furfuracea. Samples from the non-urban setting, however, showed no differences between the two species. In the case of P. glauca, S decreased from 35.8% in samples from clean environment to 8.3% after six months of exposure in the urban setting. The respective S values for P. furfuracea were 25.4% and 12.4%. Results strongly suggest that PAH exposure reduces S in both lichen species. The obtained results are important both in ecohydrology and microclimatology and are part of the research on the condition of urban forests.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
5.30%
发文量
30
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY AND HYDROMECHANICS is an international open access journal for the basic disciplines of water sciences. The scope of hydrology is limited to biohydrology, catchment hydrology and vadose zone hydrology, primarily of temperate zone. The hydromechanics covers theoretical, experimental and computational hydraulics and fluid mechanics in various fields, two- and multiphase flows, including non-Newtonian flow, and new frontiers in hydraulics. The journal is published quarterly in English. The types of contribution include: research and review articles, short communications and technical notes. The articles have been thoroughly peer reviewed by international specialists and promoted to researchers working in the same field.
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