Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Porcine Cysticercosis in Boucle Du Mouhoun Region of Burkina Faso: A Cross-sectional Survey

Taenia solium cysticercosis is a neglected tropical zoonosis with economic and public health importance. Cysticercosis is widely present in low-income countries with extensive pig breeding systems and poor human hygiene practices. In Burkina Faso, a study on porcine cysticercosis has been done only in Boulkiemde province. There is a lack of serological data on this disease in other areas, such as Balés province in the Boucle du Mouhoun region. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of porcine cysticercosis in Boucle du Mouhoun, Burkina Faso. A total of 373 serum samples were collected from local breed pigs that were randomly selected from four villages in the mentioned region. Data were also collected using a structured questionnaire to determine explanatory factors for the infection. Serum samples were tested using an antigen ELISA test to detect circulating antigens of Tænia solium. The prevalence of the disease was 54.9% (95% CI = 49.8-59.9). Following univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, pigs originating from Kombia were found to be a protective factor (OR=0.54, 95% CI = 0.33-0.89). Male pigs were more likely to be infected than females (OR= 1.7, 95% CI = 1.09-2.64). The prevalence and factors associated with Taenia solium cysticercosis were identified and according to these data, porcine cysticercosis had a high prevalence in this area. Therefore, it is important to implement control actions focusing on disease control and public health for people infected with Taenia solium.