区分多维空间中的异常、正常和理想人格特征

IF 1.2 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Journal of Individual Differences Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI:10.1027/1614-0001/a000395
F. Gutiérrez, J. Peri, A. Aluja, E. Baillés, B. Sureda, A. Gutiérrez-Zotes, Gemma Vall, N. Calvo, M. Ferrer, M. Cavero, Aida Mallorquí, Silvia Edo Villamón, Amanda Meliá de Alba, M. Á. R. Rodríguez
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要:目前人格障碍(PD)的维度分类法表明,强烈的特征不足以诊断障碍,需要额外的结构来反映功能障碍。然而,性状似乎能够自己预测适应不良,这可能会避免重复并简化诊断。另一方面,如果基于特征的诊断是可行的,那么应该考虑的是整个人格特征,而不是个人特征。这将我们带入多维空间,这些空间有自己独特但却鲜为人知的逻辑。本研究探讨了如何利用正常和紊乱受试者之间的特征水平差异进行诊断。对社区和临床样本分别进行人格病理学维度评估-基本问卷(DAPP-BQ)和DSM-5人格量表(PID-5)(总人数分别为1925和3543)。强烈的特征被证明在普通人群中很常见,因此基于经验的阈值是必不可少的,不能把最不理想的东西视为异常。在预测心理问题方面,欧几里得距离和马氏距离等个人特征水平的参数优于个体特征,与已发表的功能障碍或严重程度指标的表现持平。如果使用了足够的指标,人格特征在识别疾病方面可以发挥比目前公认的更重要的作用。
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Differentiating Abnormal, Normal, and Ideal Personality Profiles in Multidimensional Spaces
Abstract: Current dimensional taxonomies of personality disorder (PD) establish that intense traits do not suffice to diagnose a disorder, and additional constructs reflecting dysfunction are required. However, traits appear able to predict maladaptation by themselves, which might avoid duplications and simplify diagnosis. On the other hand, if trait-based diagnoses are feasible, it is the whole personality profile that should be considered, rather than individual traits. This takes us into multidimensional spaces, which have their own particular – but poorly understood – logic. The present study examines how profile-level differences between normal and disordered subjects can be used for diagnosis. The Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology – Basic Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ) and the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) were administered to a community and a clinical sample each (total n = 1,925 and 3,543 respectively). Intense traits proved to be common in the general population, so empirically-based thresholds are indispensable not to take as abnormal what is at most unideal. Profile-level parameters such as Euclidean and Mahalanobis distances outperformed individual traits in predicting mental problems and equaled the performance of published measures of dysfunction or severity. Personality profiles can play a more central role in identifying disorders than is currently acknowledged, provided that adequate metrics are used.
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来源期刊
Journal of Individual Differences
Journal of Individual Differences PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
25
期刊介绍: Researchers, teachers, and students interested in all areas of individual differences (e.g., gender, temperament, personality, intelligence) and their assessment in human and animal research will find the Journal of Individual Differences useful. The Journal of Individual Differences publishes manuscripts dealing with individual differences in behavior, emotion, cognition, and their developmental aspects. This includes human as well as animal research. The Journal of Individual Differences is conceptualized to bring together researchers working in different areas ranging from, for example, molecular genetics to theories of complex behavior.
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