加拿大北部地区的长期环境变化:从湖泊沉积物档案中综合时间趋势,为未来的可持续性提供信息

IF 4.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environmental Reviews Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI:10.1139/er-2023-0006
Michelle Gros, David R. Zilkey, Katherine Griffiths, Jennifer Pham, P. MacKeigan, Z. Taranu, Candice Aulard, Alexandre Baud, Rebecca E. Garner, H. Ghanbari, M. Lachapelle, Marie‐Eve Monchamp, Cynthia H. Paquette, D. Antoniades, P. Francus, J. Smol, I. Gregory‐Eaves
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引用次数: 0

摘要

加拿大北方带覆盖了加拿大总面积的55%,从一个海岸延伸到另一个海岸,对国家的经济和生态完整性至关重要。尽管经常被视为相对欠发达,但它很容易受到采矿、林业和人为气候变化等众多压力的影响。保存在湖泊沉积物中的自然档案可以通过量化干扰前的条件(1850年前的CE)以及过去150年中人为压力源引起的环境变化的性质、大小、方向和速度来提供关键见解。在这里,我们将加拿大北方带古湖沼学文献的综述与已发表的沉积物核心数据的分析相结合,以强调气候变化、集水区扰动和大气沉积对北方湖泊的影响。具体而言,我们对两个湖泊健康指标进行了定量合成:元素铅(Pb)和叶绿素a。分段回归和Mann-Kendall趋势分析显示,直到1970年左右,整个北方带的元素铅总体呈上升趋势,随后到现在总体呈下降趋势。对近期和工业化前沉积物中沉积叶绿素a的快照比较(即,顶部-底部沉积物岩心设计)表明,大多数地点都随着时间的推移而增加,这表明整个北方带的湖泊初级生产力普遍增强。总的来说,这项工作表明,长期沉积物记录为生态系统变化提供了一个关键的视角,而常规监测程序无法获得这一视角。我们主张将现代数据集与古湖沼学结合起来,建立基线条件,测量生态系统变化,并设定有意义的管理目标。
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Long-term environmental changes in the Canadian boreal zone: Synthesizing temporal trends from lake sediment archives to inform future sustainability
Covering 55% of Canada’s total surface area and stretching from coast to coast to coast, the Canadian boreal zone is crucial to the nation’s economic and ecological integrity. Although often viewed as relatively underdeveloped, it is vulnerable to numerous stressors such as mining, forestry, and anthropogenic climate change. Natural archives preserved in lake sediments can provide key insights by quantifying pre-disturbance conditions (pre-1850 CE) and the nature, magnitude, direction, and speed of environmental change induced by anthropogenic stressors over the past ~150 years. Here, we paired a review of paleolimnological literature of the Canadian boreal zone with analyses of published sediment core data to highlight the effects of climate change, catchment disturbances, and atmospheric deposition on boreal lakes. Specifically, we conducted quantitative syntheses of two lake health indicators: elemental lead (Pb) and chlorophyll a. Segmented regressions and Mann-Kendall trend analysis revealed a generally increasing trend in elemental Pb across the boreal zone until ~1970 CE, followed by a generally decreasing trend to the present. Snapshot comparisons of sedimentary chlorophyll a from recent and pre-industrial sediments (i.e., top-bottom sediment core design) revealed that a majority of sites have increased over time, suggesting a general enhancement in lake primary production across the boreal zone. Collectively, this body of work demonstrates that long-term sediment records offer a critical perspective on ecosystem change not accessible through routine monitoring programs. We advocate using modern datasets in tandem with paleolimnology to establish baseline conditions, measure ecosystem changes, and set meaningful management targets.
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来源期刊
Environmental Reviews
Environmental Reviews 环境科学-环境科学
自引率
3.50%
发文量
45
期刊介绍: Published since 1993, Environmental Reviews is a quarterly journal that presents authoritative literature reviews on a wide range of environmental science and associated environmental studies topics, with emphasis on the effects on and response of both natural and manmade ecosystems to anthropogenic stress. The authorship and scope are international, with critical literature reviews submitted and invited on such topics as sustainability, water supply management, climate change, harvesting impacts, acid rain, pesticide use, lake acidification, air and marine pollution, oil and gas development, biological control, food chain biomagnification, rehabilitation of polluted aquatic systems, erosion, forestry, bio-indicators of environmental stress, conservation of biodiversity, and many other environmental issues.
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