Reemergence of head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) among a university community in Southern Nigeria

Background Head lice (Pediculosis humanus capitis) infestation is of public health importance, associated with poor hygiene. This study was to determine the prevalence of head lice among a university community in Port Harcourt. Materials and Methods Random sampling technique and accidental sampling technique were used. A total of 300 people, age 16–40years were sampled from April to July 2021. Hair and scalp were examined using a magnifying glass and combing the hair with a fine-tooth comb on white paper facilitated the visualization and collection of adult lice and nymphs. Samples were preserved with 70% ethanol in a small size bottle and viewed under a stereomicroscope. Results Overall, the prevalence was 17%. The infestation was higher (18.2%) within the age group of 21–25years followed by those within the age group of 16–20 years (17.4%). More females (21.6%) were infected than males (9.0%). Based on the level of education, undergraduates (21%) were more infected followed by those with first degree (11.1%). Prevalence based on sex was statistically significant (P<0.002), but age (P=0.142) and the level of education (P=0.566) was not significant. Conclusion The prevalence of head lice infestation is high in Port Harcourt suggesting that Pediculus humanis is reemerging in the city and among the older population. Enlightenment campaign is recommended to contain further spread.