循环消费贷款利率修正条款的不公平性检验

IF 0.2 Q4 LAW European Review of Private Law Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI:10.54648/erpl2022027
C. Spierings
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引用次数: 0

摘要

向消费者提供信贷的机构通常在贷款文件中包含一项条款,允许信贷提供者单方面修改适用的利率。在过去几年中,这些条款及其使用方式受到了越来越多的审查。本文列出了一些相关的发展,并确定了未来的重点。根据荷兰法律,消费者声称这些条款过于繁琐,应予以废止。荷兰法院必须考虑到这一规定的超国家起源。荷兰最高法院(Hoge Raad)对消费者抵押贷款中此类条款的评估给出了一些指导,但没有给出原则性裁决。在评估利率修正条款的不公平性时,消费者的合同权利是否平衡了这些条款对消费者的负面影响,这是关键。搁置利率修正条款可能会产生深远的影响,特别是如果合同没有这一条款就无法生存。虽然荷兰的情况仍在发展,但德国联邦法院(Bundesgerichtshof)通过对合同的补充解释解决了这一问题。这种做法是否符合欧洲法院(ECJ)的判例法是有争议的。总之,需要指出的是,关于利率修正条款的不公平的讨论应该在更广泛的背景下进行,即对条款的解释和银行在提供循环消费贷款时的注意义务。
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Testing the Unfairness of Interest Rate Amendment Clauses in Revolving Consumer Loans
Institutions that provide credit to consumers have usually included a clause in the loan documentation that allows the credit provider to unilaterally amend the applicable interest rate. Over the past years, these clauses and the way they have been used has come under increased scrutiny. This article charts a number of relevant developments and identifies focus points for the future. Under Dutch law, consumers claim that these clauses are unreasonably onerous and should be invalidated. Dutch courts have to take into account the supranational origin of this provision. The Dutch Hoge Raad (Supreme Court) has given some guidance on the assessment of such clauses in consumer mortgage loans, but has given no principled ruling. In the assessment of the unfairness of an interest rate amendment clause, it is key whether the negative consequences for consumers of these clauses are balanced by the consumer’s contractual rights. Setting aside an interest rate amendment clause can have far reaching consequences, especially if the contract cannot survive without this clause. While the Dutch landscape is still evolving, the German Bundesgerichtshof (Federal Court of Justice) solves this through supplementary interpretation of the contract. It is debatable whether this practice is compatible with European Court of Justice (ECJ) case law. In conclusion, it is noted that the discussion about the unfairness of interest rate amendment clauses should take place in the wider context of both interpretation of the clause and the banks’ duty of care when supplying revolving consumer loans.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
33.30%
发文量
25
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