Investigating the Effect of Glass Ion Release on the Cytocompatibility, Antibacterial Eflcacy and Antioxidant Activity of Y2O3 / CeO2 doped SiO2-SrO-Na2O glasses

Abstract The effect on ion release and cytocompatibility of Yttrium (Y) and Cerium (Ce) are investigated when substituted for Sodium (Na) in a 0.52SiO2-0.24SrO-0.24-Na2OMOglass series (where MO= Y2O3 or CeO2). Glass leaching was evaluated through pH measurements and Inductive Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysiswhere the extract pH increased during incubation (11.2 - 12.5). Ion release of Silicon (Si), Na and Strontium (Sr) from the Con glass was at higher than that of glasses containing Y or Ce, and reached a limit after 1 day. Ion release from Y and Ce containing glasses reached a maximum of 1800 μg/mL, 1800 μg/mL, and 10 μg/mL for Si, Na, and Sr, respectively. Release of Y and Cewas below the ICP- OES detection limit <0.1 μg/mL. Cell viability of both L929 fibroblasts and MC3T3 osteoblasts decreased for Con, LY, and LCe extracts; HY extracts did not significantly decrease cell viability while YCe and HCe saw concentrationdependent viability decrease (20%, 33% extract concentrations). Bacterial studies saw Con and LCe eliminating >75% of bacteria at a 9% extract concentration. Antioxidant capacity (mechanism for neuroprotection) was evaluated using the ABTS assay. All glasses had inherent radical oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capability with Con reaching 9.5 mMTE.