Abdul Majeed, Leqaa A. Mohammed, Omar G. Hammoodi, Shankar Sehgal, Mustafa A. Alheety, K. Saxena, S. A. Dadoosh, I. K. Mohammed, Mustafa M. Jasim, N. U. Salmaan
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In some of the studies mentioned later, it gave a specific capacitance of 503 F/g, cycle stability 85% at 10,000 cycles, energy density 8.88 kW/kg, and power density 96 W h/kg. It was also noted that these values improved significantly when using PANI with its nanocomposites. Because of its good electrical conductivity and the possibility of preparing it with a high surface area with nanostructures in the form of nanowires, nanofibers, and nanotubes, PANI was used as a gas sensor. We have noticed, through the studies conducted in this field, that the properties of PANI as a basic material in gas sensors are greatly improved when it is prepared in the form of PANI nanocomposites, as explained in detail later. 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引用次数: 17
摘要
聚苯胺(PANI)在高级研究中的应用的发展使我们关注所提出的研究,并将其合并为一项类似的研究。PANI的独特组成使其有资格用于电化学应用以及许多其他应用,这些应用的使用取决于其机械性能。基于此,有必要限制产生PANI的反应和最便宜的成本,然后限制目前与金属、其氧化物和/或碳纳米复合材料形成纳米复合材料的用途,以确定它们缺少什么,并再次进行研究以扩大其化学性质。PANI在高级研究中的应用发展使我们关注对PANI的研究,并将其合并为一项研究。使PANI拥有巨大研究革命的一个非常重要的因素是,以各种方式制备PANI,既简单又便宜,从中可以获得非常高纯度的日常产品,以及其独特的特性,使其成为各科学部门研究人员的焦点。PANI的独特结构易于以纯形式或与包括金属、金属氧化物和碳纳米材料(如碳纳米管、石墨烯、氧化石墨烯和还原氧化石墨烯)在内的各种化合物制备,使其有资格用于电化学应用。综述的各种研究表明,聚苯胺在超级电容器的应用中取得了良好的效果。在后面提到的一些研究中,它给出了503的比电容 F/g,10000次循环时循环稳定性85%,能量密度8.88 kW/kg,功率密度96 W h/kg。还注意到,当使用PANI及其纳米复合材料时,这些值显著提高。由于其良好的导电性以及用纳米线、纳米纤维和纳米管形式的纳米结构制备具有高表面积的聚苯胺的可能性,PANI被用作气体传感器。通过在该领域进行的研究,我们注意到,当PANI以PANI纳米复合材料的形式制备时,PANI作为气体传感器中的基础材料的性能大大提高,稍后将对此进行详细解释。从这篇综述中,我们努力阐明这种有吸引力的聚合物的不同制备方法、独特的性能、纳米复合材料、每种纳米复合材料所用的聚合类型,以及其纯形式或纳米复合材料在超级电容器和气体传感器应用中的应用。
A Review on Polyaniline: Synthesis, Properties, Nanocomposites, and Electrochemical Applications
The development in the use of polyaniline (PANI) in advanced studies makes us draw attention to the presented research and combine it into one study like this one. The unique composition of PANI qualifies it for use in electrochemical applications in addition to many other applications whose use depends on its mechanical properties. Based on this, it is necessary to limit the reactions that produce PANI and the cheapest cost, and then limit the current uses in the formation of nanocomposites with metals, their oxides, and/or carbon nanocomposites in order to determine what is missing from them and work on it again to expand its chemistry. The development in the use of PANI in advanced studies makes us draw attention to the research presented on PANI and combine it into one study. One of the very important things that made PANI possess a very huge research revolution are preparation in a variety of ways, easy and inexpensive, from which a daily product can be obtained with very high purity, as well as its distinctive properties that made it the focus of researchers in various scientific departments. The unique structure of PANI, which is easy to prepare in its pure form or with various chemical compounds including metals, metal oxides, and carbon nanomaterials (such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide), qualifies it for use in electrochemical applications. The various studies reviewed showed that PANI gave good results in the applications of super capacitors. In some of the studies mentioned later, it gave a specific capacitance of 503 F/g, cycle stability 85% at 10,000 cycles, energy density 8.88 kW/kg, and power density 96 W h/kg. It was also noted that these values improved significantly when using PANI with its nanocomposites. Because of its good electrical conductivity and the possibility of preparing it with a high surface area with nanostructures in the form of nanowires, nanofibers, and nanotubes, PANI was used as a gas sensor. We have noticed, through the studies conducted in this field, that the properties of PANI as a basic material in gas sensors are greatly improved when it is prepared in the form of PANI nanocomposites, as explained in detail later. From this review, we tried with great effort to shed light on this attractive polymer in terms of its different preparation methods, its distinctive properties, its nanocomposites, and the type of polymerization used for each nanocomposites, as well as its applications in its pure form or with its nanocomposites in the supercapacitor and gas sensor applications.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal of Polymer Science is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles as well as review articles on the chemistry and physics of macromolecules.