Random Matrices, Continuous Circular Systems and the Triangular Operator

We present a Hilbert space approach to the limit joint *-distributions of complex independent Gaussian random matrices. For that purpose, we use a suitably defined family of creation and annihilation operators living in some direct integral of Hilbert spaces. These operators are decomposed in terms of continuous circular systems of operators acting between the fibers of the considered Hilbert space direct integral. In the case of square matrices with i.i.d. entries, we obtain the circular operators of Voiculescu, whereas in the case of upper-triangular matrices with i.i.d. entries, we obtain the triangular operators of Dykema and Haagerup. We apply this approach to give a bijective proof of a formula for *-moments of the triangular operator, using the enumeration formula of Chauve, Dulucq and Rechnizter for alternating ordered rooted trees.