{"title":"委内瑞拉的法治危机、公民安全军事化以及对人权的影响","authors":"N. Gan","doi":"10.32992/erlacs.10577","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Venezuela has one of the highest homicide rates in the world as well as the highest rate of killings by state officials in Latin America. This article seeks to interpret the evolution of violence over the last 20 years through studying the militarization of citizen security policies and the rule of law crisis. Crime was no longer framed as a socio-economic issue, so the neutralization of enemies became a priority This has occurred in the context of an increasingly militarized citizen security policy that actively involves the military, the militarization of the police and state promotion of civilian armed groups. The parallel rule of law crisis has removed most of the limits to the process of militarization and has contributed to the high levels of violence. This paper argues that the Venezuelan state currently can be understood as anomic, without clear and consistent rules. Resumen: Crisis del Estado de Derecho, militarizacion de la seguridad ciudadana y efectos sobre los derechos humanos en Venezuela Venezuela tiene una de las tasas mas altas de homicidios en el mundo y la tasa de letalidad policial mas alta en America Latina. Este articulo busca interpretar la evolucion de la violencia en los ultimos 20 anos a traves del estudio de la militarizacion de las politicas de seguridad ciudadana y la crisis del estado de derecho. La criminalidad dejo de estar enmarcada como un problema socioeconomico para priorizar la neutralizacion de enemigos. Esto ha ocurrido en el contexto de una politica de seguridad ciudadana militarizada que involucra la participacion de los militares, la militarizacion de la policia y la promocion estatal de grupos armados civiles. La crisis paralela del estado de derecho ha eliminado la mayoria de los limites al proceso de militarizacion y ha contribuido a los altos niveles de violencia. Se argumenta que el estado venezolano puede ser entendido como anomico, sin reglas claras y consistentes.","PeriodicalId":52452,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2020-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"8","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Rule of law crisis , militarization of citizen security, and effects on human rights in Venezuela\",\"authors\":\"N. Gan\",\"doi\":\"10.32992/erlacs.10577\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Venezuela has one of the highest homicide rates in the world as well as the highest rate of killings by state officials in Latin America. This article seeks to interpret the evolution of violence over the last 20 years through studying the militarization of citizen security policies and the rule of law crisis. Crime was no longer framed as a socio-economic issue, so the neutralization of enemies became a priority This has occurred in the context of an increasingly militarized citizen security policy that actively involves the military, the militarization of the police and state promotion of civilian armed groups. The parallel rule of law crisis has removed most of the limits to the process of militarization and has contributed to the high levels of violence. This paper argues that the Venezuelan state currently can be understood as anomic, without clear and consistent rules. Resumen: Crisis del Estado de Derecho, militarizacion de la seguridad ciudadana y efectos sobre los derechos humanos en Venezuela Venezuela tiene una de las tasas mas altas de homicidios en el mundo y la tasa de letalidad policial mas alta en America Latina. Este articulo busca interpretar la evolucion de la violencia en los ultimos 20 anos a traves del estudio de la militarizacion de las politicas de seguridad ciudadana y la crisis del estado de derecho. La criminalidad dejo de estar enmarcada como un problema socioeconomico para priorizar la neutralizacion de enemigos. Esto ha ocurrido en el contexto de una politica de seguridad ciudadana militarizada que involucra la participacion de los militares, la militarizacion de la policia y la promocion estatal de grupos armados civiles. La crisis paralela del estado de derecho ha eliminado la mayoria de los limites al proceso de militarizacion y ha contribuido a los altos niveles de violencia. Se argumenta que el estado venezolano puede ser entendido como anomico, sin reglas claras y consistentes.\",\"PeriodicalId\":52452,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2020-05-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"8\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.32992/erlacs.10577\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"Arts and Humanities\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.32992/erlacs.10577","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Arts and Humanities","Score":null,"Total":0}
Rule of law crisis , militarization of citizen security, and effects on human rights in Venezuela
Venezuela has one of the highest homicide rates in the world as well as the highest rate of killings by state officials in Latin America. This article seeks to interpret the evolution of violence over the last 20 years through studying the militarization of citizen security policies and the rule of law crisis. Crime was no longer framed as a socio-economic issue, so the neutralization of enemies became a priority This has occurred in the context of an increasingly militarized citizen security policy that actively involves the military, the militarization of the police and state promotion of civilian armed groups. The parallel rule of law crisis has removed most of the limits to the process of militarization and has contributed to the high levels of violence. This paper argues that the Venezuelan state currently can be understood as anomic, without clear and consistent rules. Resumen: Crisis del Estado de Derecho, militarizacion de la seguridad ciudadana y efectos sobre los derechos humanos en Venezuela Venezuela tiene una de las tasas mas altas de homicidios en el mundo y la tasa de letalidad policial mas alta en America Latina. Este articulo busca interpretar la evolucion de la violencia en los ultimos 20 anos a traves del estudio de la militarizacion de las politicas de seguridad ciudadana y la crisis del estado de derecho. La criminalidad dejo de estar enmarcada como un problema socioeconomico para priorizar la neutralizacion de enemigos. Esto ha ocurrido en el contexto de una politica de seguridad ciudadana militarizada que involucra la participacion de los militares, la militarizacion de la policia y la promocion estatal de grupos armados civiles. La crisis paralela del estado de derecho ha eliminado la mayoria de los limites al proceso de militarizacion y ha contribuido a los altos niveles de violencia. Se argumenta que el estado venezolano puede ser entendido como anomico, sin reglas claras y consistentes.