伊克巴尔、尼采与虚无主义:苏菲宇宙学的重建与《阿》中苏菲价值观的重估

IF 0.3 0 PHILOSOPHY Open Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1515/opphil-2022-0230
Feyzullah Yılmaz
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要虽然虚无主义问题源于西方哲学中特定的历史和知识背景,即现代德国哲学中的泛神论争议和尼采的思想,但非西方思想家也参与其中并对此做出了回应,来自印度的主要穆斯林思想家(苏菲派),从苏菲派的角度探讨虚无主义问题及其应对措施。本文认为,现有关于伊克巴尔的文献未能理解尼采思想对伊克巴尔哲学的更深层次的影响,以及“虚无主义问题”在伊克巴尔思想变革或伊克巴尔智力发展中所起的戏剧性作用,我分析了伊克巴尔在1905年至1908年欧洲学习期间与尼采思想的相遇如何将他引入尼采形式的虚无主义问题,这是如何导致伊克巴尔从1909年至1913年陷入虚无主义情绪/危机的,以及他后来如何通过重建苏菲宇宙论和重新评估泛神论/波斯式苏菲主义的苏菲价值观来发展对虚无主义的回应——这一结果在他的哲学诗Asrar-i-Khudî(1915)中有所体现。
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Iqbal, Nietzsche, and Nihilism: Reconstruction of Sufi Cosmology and Revaluation of Sufi Values in Asrar-i-Khudî
Abstract While the problem of nihilism is derived from a particular historical and intellectual context in Western philosophy, i.e., the pantheism controversy in modern German philosophy and the ideas of Nietzsche, non-Western thinkers also engaged with it and developed responses to it. In this article, I am interested in analyzing Muhammad Iqbal’s (1877–1938), a leading Muslim thinker (a Sufi) from India, engagement with the problem of nihilism and his response to it from a Sufi perspective. Arguing that the existing literature on Iqbal fails to understand the deeper impact of Nietzsche’s ideas on Iqbal’s philosophy and the dramatic role “the problem of nihilism” played in causing changes in Iqbal’s philosophy, or on Iqbal’s intellectual development, in this article, I analyze how Iqbal’s encounter with the ideas of Nietzsche during his study period in Europe between 1905 and 1908 has introduced him to the problem of nihilism in its Nietzschean form, how this led Iqbal to a nihilistic mood/crisis from 1909 to 1913, and then how he later developed a response to nihilism by reconstructing the Sufi cosmology and by revaluating the Sufi values of the pantheistic/Persian type of Sufism – the outcome of which is found in his philosophical poem Asrar-i-Khudî (1915).
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来源期刊
Open Philosophy
Open Philosophy Arts and Humanities-Philosophy
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
20.00%
发文量
25
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊最新文献
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