牙买加的恐怖结构——金凯德的《小地方》

IF 0.2 Q4 WOMENS STUDIES Meridians-Feminism Race Transnationalism Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI:10.1215/15366936-8117735
Lauren E. Shoemaker
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要:第三世界女性的文学作品能够表达对物品和日常活动的突现情感,揭示潜在的经济过程。其中一项激发了不同感受的活动是加勒比海度假,它揭示了持续的剥削性殖民经济。牙买加·金凯德在《小地方》中的文章将假期作为幸福的对象和在恐怖结构的框架内造成痛苦的活动的对立叙述戏剧化。许多评论家认为,通过早期文章中游客和当地人的形象所形成的种族和阶级差异必然是分裂的后殖民主义批评,但他们认为金凯的最后一篇文章试图超越这些分歧。许多人称赞金凯呼吁抛弃旧的分类,关注共同的(生物)人性,然而,这个“人类”的类别是通过种族、性别和阶级的(社会)话语构建起来的。相反,我认为金凯德继续坚持多元主体立场,颠覆了她表面上的论点,并通过运用西尔维娅·温特对人文主义和环境方法的主流世界观的质疑,批判了话语和视觉制度中的殖民认识论。
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A Structure of Terror in Jamaica Kincaid's A Small Place
Abstract:Literature by women of the third world is capable of expressing emergent feelings attached to objects and everyday activities, which reveal underlying economic processes. One such activity that inspires diverging feelings, the Caribbean vacation, reveals a continued exploitative colonial economy. Jamaica Kincaid's essays in A Small Place dramatize the competing narratives of vacation as happiness object and misery-causing activities within the framework of the structure of terror. Many critics read differences of race and class developed through figures of the tourist and the native in the early essays as necessarily divisive post-colonial critique, but they read Kincaid's final essay as an attempt to transcend such divisions. Many have lauded Kincaid's call to throw off old categories and focus on shared (biological) humanity, yet this very category of "human" has been constructed through (social) discourses of race, gender, and class. Instead, I argue that Kincaid continues insisting on multiple subject positions, subverting the argument she seems to make on the surface and critiquing colonial epistemologies—in discourse and visual regimes—through application of Sylvia Wynter's interrogation of dominant worldviews of both humanism and an approach to environments.
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