{"title":"日本所有疾病的综合成本:超老龄化社会疾病社会负担的测量","authors":"Kunichika Matsumoto, Kanako Seto, Yosuke Hatakeyama, Ryo Onishi, Koki Hirata, Tomonori Hasegawa","doi":"10.1016/j.hlpt.2023.100774","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Evaluation of the social burden of illness is important for policy decision-making. However, policy-makers find indicators traditionally used in the healthcare field difficult to use because calculation of these indicators is complex and the unit of indicators is often expressed on “years” basis. The aim of this study was to measure the burden of all diseases using the Comprehensive Cost of Illness (C<img>COI) method and to provide indicators that are easy to use for policy-making.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Utilizing government-based nationwide statistical data, we used the C<img>COI method to estimate the social burden of illness from 2002 to 2017. C<img>COI consists of direct costs (medical direct cost and formal care cost) and indirect costs (morbidity cost, mortality cost, and informal care cost).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>From 2002 to 2017, C<img>COI increased from 66.5 trillion yen (12.9% of the gross domestic product [GDP]) to 90.6 trillion yen (16.6% of GDP). From 2002 to 2017, the three top-ranked diseases influencing C<img>COI did not change. The ranking of these diseases (from first to third) is as follows: circulatory system diseases, neoplasms, and digestive diseases.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The trend of C<img>COI is consistent with the trends of national health expenditure and disability-adjusted life years. The C<img>COI method is expressed in monetary terms, so the effects of aging and the development of medical technology are represented by trends in each cost and are considered valuable as the basis of health policy, instead of national health expenditure.</p></div><div><h3>Public Interest Summary</h3><p>Measuring the social burden of disease is important for making policy decisions. There have been indicators to measure the burden of disease in the past, but they have been complex and difficult to use because they are measured in \"years\". We have developed a comprehensive cost-of-illness method (C<img>COI) that includes the burden of long-term care by applying a method called the cost-of-illness method (COI), which expresses the burden of illness in monetary terms. Using this method, we measured the cost of illness in Japan's aging population, which in 2017 was 66.5 trillion yen (approximately US$532 billion), accounting for 12.9% of GDP. Since this method expresses the burden in monetary terms, it is expected to be a useful indicator for policy making.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48672,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Comprehensive cost of illness of all diseases in Japan: Measurement of the social burden of diseases in a super-aged society\",\"authors\":\"Kunichika Matsumoto, Kanako Seto, Yosuke Hatakeyama, Ryo Onishi, Koki Hirata, Tomonori Hasegawa\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.hlpt.2023.100774\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Evaluation of the social burden of illness is important for policy decision-making. However, policy-makers find indicators traditionally used in the healthcare field difficult to use because calculation of these indicators is complex and the unit of indicators is often expressed on “years” basis. The aim of this study was to measure the burden of all diseases using the Comprehensive Cost of Illness (C<img>COI) method and to provide indicators that are easy to use for policy-making.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Utilizing government-based nationwide statistical data, we used the C<img>COI method to estimate the social burden of illness from 2002 to 2017. C<img>COI consists of direct costs (medical direct cost and formal care cost) and indirect costs (morbidity cost, mortality cost, and informal care cost).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>From 2002 to 2017, C<img>COI increased from 66.5 trillion yen (12.9% of the gross domestic product [GDP]) to 90.6 trillion yen (16.6% of GDP). From 2002 to 2017, the three top-ranked diseases influencing C<img>COI did not change. The ranking of these diseases (from first to third) is as follows: circulatory system diseases, neoplasms, and digestive diseases.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The trend of C<img>COI is consistent with the trends of national health expenditure and disability-adjusted life years. The C<img>COI method is expressed in monetary terms, so the effects of aging and the development of medical technology are represented by trends in each cost and are considered valuable as the basis of health policy, instead of national health expenditure.</p></div><div><h3>Public Interest Summary</h3><p>Measuring the social burden of disease is important for making policy decisions. There have been indicators to measure the burden of disease in the past, but they have been complex and difficult to use because they are measured in \\\"years\\\". We have developed a comprehensive cost-of-illness method (C<img>COI) that includes the burden of long-term care by applying a method called the cost-of-illness method (COI), which expresses the burden of illness in monetary terms. Using this method, we measured the cost of illness in Japan's aging population, which in 2017 was 66.5 trillion yen (approximately US$532 billion), accounting for 12.9% of GDP. Since this method expresses the burden in monetary terms, it is expected to be a useful indicator for policy making.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":48672,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Health Policy and Technology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-09-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Health Policy and Technology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211883723000503\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Health Policy and Technology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211883723000503","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Comprehensive cost of illness of all diseases in Japan: Measurement of the social burden of diseases in a super-aged society
Background
Evaluation of the social burden of illness is important for policy decision-making. However, policy-makers find indicators traditionally used in the healthcare field difficult to use because calculation of these indicators is complex and the unit of indicators is often expressed on “years” basis. The aim of this study was to measure the burden of all diseases using the Comprehensive Cost of Illness (CCOI) method and to provide indicators that are easy to use for policy-making.
Methods
Utilizing government-based nationwide statistical data, we used the CCOI method to estimate the social burden of illness from 2002 to 2017. CCOI consists of direct costs (medical direct cost and formal care cost) and indirect costs (morbidity cost, mortality cost, and informal care cost).
Results
From 2002 to 2017, CCOI increased from 66.5 trillion yen (12.9% of the gross domestic product [GDP]) to 90.6 trillion yen (16.6% of GDP). From 2002 to 2017, the three top-ranked diseases influencing CCOI did not change. The ranking of these diseases (from first to third) is as follows: circulatory system diseases, neoplasms, and digestive diseases.
Conclusions
The trend of CCOI is consistent with the trends of national health expenditure and disability-adjusted life years. The CCOI method is expressed in monetary terms, so the effects of aging and the development of medical technology are represented by trends in each cost and are considered valuable as the basis of health policy, instead of national health expenditure.
Public Interest Summary
Measuring the social burden of disease is important for making policy decisions. There have been indicators to measure the burden of disease in the past, but they have been complex and difficult to use because they are measured in "years". We have developed a comprehensive cost-of-illness method (CCOI) that includes the burden of long-term care by applying a method called the cost-of-illness method (COI), which expresses the burden of illness in monetary terms. Using this method, we measured the cost of illness in Japan's aging population, which in 2017 was 66.5 trillion yen (approximately US$532 billion), accounting for 12.9% of GDP. Since this method expresses the burden in monetary terms, it is expected to be a useful indicator for policy making.
期刊介绍:
Health Policy and Technology (HPT), is the official journal of the Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine (FPM), a cross-disciplinary journal, which focuses on past, present and future health policy and the role of technology in clinical and non-clinical national and international health environments.
HPT provides a further excellent way for the FPM to continue to make important national and international contributions to development of policy and practice within medicine and related disciplines. The aim of HPT is to publish relevant, timely and accessible articles and commentaries to support policy-makers, health professionals, health technology providers, patient groups and academia interested in health policy and technology.
Topics covered by HPT will include:
- Health technology, including drug discovery, diagnostics, medicines, devices, therapeutic delivery and eHealth systems
- Cross-national comparisons on health policy using evidence-based approaches
- National studies on health policy to determine the outcomes of technology-driven initiatives
- Cross-border eHealth including health tourism
- The digital divide in mobility, access and affordability of healthcare
- Health technology assessment (HTA) methods and tools for evaluating the effectiveness of clinical and non-clinical health technologies
- Health and eHealth indicators and benchmarks (measure/metrics) for understanding the adoption and diffusion of health technologies
- Health and eHealth models and frameworks to support policy-makers and other stakeholders in decision-making
- Stakeholder engagement with health technologies (clinical and patient/citizen buy-in)
- Regulation and health economics