全球殖民主义和创造非洲未来的挑战

IF 0.3 Q4 POLITICAL SCIENCE Strategic Review for Southern Africa Pub Date : 2020-12-22 DOI:10.35293/SRSA.V36I2.189
S. Ndlovu-Gatsheni
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引用次数: 53

摘要

非洲人能否在全球殖民主义构建的现代世界体系中创造非洲的未来?全球殖民主义是一种现代的全球权力结构,自以欧洲和北美为中心的现代性出现以来就一直存在。这种现代性可以追溯到1492年,当时克里斯托弗·哥伦布声称发现了一个“新世界”。它始于对黑人的奴役,并以全球殖民主义达到顶峰。今天,全球殖民主义是一个无形的权力矩阵,它正在塑造和维持全球北方和全球南方之间的不对称权力关系。即使是当前的全球权力转型,使以中国为中心的经济大国和去西方化进程得以重新出现,包括金砖国家等南南大国集团的崛起,也不意味着现代世界体系现在已经经历了真正的非殖民化和去帝国化,达到了可以创造其他未来的程度。全球殖民主义继续阻碍旨在创造摆脱殖民主义的后殖民时代未来的非殖民化倡议。文章认为,全球殖民主义仍然是制约和限制非洲机构的最重要的现代权力结构之一。为了支持这一命题,本文深入分析了当前不对称全球权力结构的结构和配置;揭示了欧洲-北美中心主义认识论中的帝国/殖民理性以及欧洲中心主义问题;并揭示了笛卡尔的存在概念,以及它将非洲的主体性降级为一种永久的存在状态。在这种背景下,非洲人已经成为一个新的世界秩序的战斗主体,这个秩序是非殖民化的、去帝国化的,对新的人道主义和非洲未来的出现持开放态度。
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GLOBAL COLONIALITY AND THE CHALLENGES OF CREATING AFRICAN FUTURES
Can Africans create African futures within a modern world system structured by global coloniality? Global coloniality is a modern global power structure that has been in place since the dawn of Euro-North American-centric modernity. This modernity is genealogically and figuratively traceable to 1492 when Christopher Columbus claimed to have discovered a 'New World'. It commenced with enslavement of black people and culminated in global coloniality. Today global coloniality operates as an invisible power matrix that is shaping and sustaining asymmetrical power relations between the Global North and the Global South. Even the current global power transformations which have enabled the re-emergence of a Sinocentric economic power and deWesternisation processes including the rise of South-South power blocs such as BRICS, do not mean that the modern world system has now undergone genuine decolonisation and deimperialisation to the extent of being amenable to the creation of other futures. Global coloniality continues to frustrate decolonial initiatives aimed at creating postcolonial futures free from coloniality. The article posits that global coloniality remains one of the most important modern power structures that constrain and limit African agency. To support this proposition, the article delves deeper into an analysis of the architecture and configuration of current asymmetrical global power structures; unmasks imperial/colonial reason embedded in Euro-North American-centric epistemology as well as the problem of Eurocentrism; and unpacks the Cartesian notions of being and its relegation of African subjectivity to a perpetualstate of becoming. Within this context, Africans have emerged as fighting subjects for a new world order that is decolonised, deimperialised, open to the emergence of new humanism and African futures. 
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