Mapping spatial distribution of comm-satellite's beam based on ground omni-antennas

The current satellite communications (SatComs) systems are composed of a large number of satellites, beams and terrestrial devices. Due to their multinode dynamic nature, the usage of frequency resources is variable, complex and difficult to characterize. In particular, with the development of satellite-borne phased array antenna technology, SatCom beams carrying different frequencies are directionally and dynamically distributed in global scale. Mapping and locating the spatial beam distributions of communication satellite (comm-satellite) are the bases of intersystem cofrequency interference mitigation and spatial frequency reuse. In this paper, we design a data selection–multiparameter fitting iteration (DS-MFI) algorithm on the basis of ground-based omnidirectional antennas. The proposed approach can effectively map the spatial distribution of comm-satellite's beam, including satellite transmitter position, equal-gain off-axis angle, and beam pointing in azimuth and elevation. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach for satellites with fixed or steerable beams at different altitudes. Furthermore, the results become increasingly accurate as the dense of ground omni-antenna increases.