A study of Afghan architecture heritage and conservation efforts in Afghanistan

ABSTRACT Built heritage and heritage cities can provide us a strong visual image of national identity; it responds to the architecture's social, cultural, and economic context. Through the architectural heritage, we seek to understand the relation between architecture conservation and the history of architecture. And how does the relationship occur between these two? The history of Afghanistan's architectural heritage reflects the country's primordial legacy and has had played a remarkable role in Afghan civilization. It is needed to visualize, protect and preserve them. The Afghanistan’s architectural heritage sites are notable for various features, one of the most significant features being the architectural significance of ornamentation and elements. These architectural features depict the age in which the building was built, utilizing the technology, craftsmanship, building morphology and styles known at the time. Afghan culture has played a critical part in human civilization throughout its lengthy history and has made significant contributions. Scholarly interest in Afghan culture, including history, archaeology, art, and architecture, has spurred research into Afghan cultural heritage during the past two decades. This study investigates explicitly to reveal the identity of Afghan architecture heritage through history definitions, style, typology, conservation and its contribution to future sustainability.