磷酸二氢钾的性质及其对植物和土壤的影响

IF 1.8 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Open Agriculture Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1515/opag-2022-0167
K. Jančaitienė, R. Šlinkšienė, R. Žvirdauskienė
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引用次数: 1

摘要

现代世界面临的挑战之一是改善人类的营养状况,并利用现有的农业用地安全提高农业生产的产量。很明显,没有肥料就不能达到充分的农业效率,但是肥料必须对土壤造成最小的损害。形成孢子的细菌、放线菌、真菌、藻类、原生动物等微生物在土壤中发挥着重要作用,保持土壤的健康。在植物中发生的反应中涉及的一种土壤物质是纤维素。本研究考察了磷酸二氢钾(PDP)经氯化钾和磷酸二氢铵转化合成并添加微晶纤维素(MC)造粒后对植物(冬小麦Toras,立陶宛)和土壤微生物的影响。本研究比较了施用纯KH2PO4、施用MC颗粒化PDP和不施肥植株的数据。用扫描电镜和差示扫描量热分析对所得产物进行了表征。采用单因素方差分析评价组间均值的差异。所有病例的显著性水平均为p≤0.05。纯KH2PO4对植株各项指标的影响低于含MC的颗粒PDP,叶片长度分别为29.63和31.20 cm,绿质量分别为0.471和0.763 g,灰分质量分别为0.015和0.019 g。此外,添加了MC的颗粒状PDP对土壤微生物没有产生不利影响,因为任何种类的细菌(孢子b、矿物氮同化细菌、纤维素降解细菌)的数量都没有减少,放线菌(从8.5 × 105增加到2.9 × 106 KSV/g)和霉菌(从3.0 × 104增加到1.4 × 105 KSV/g)的数量略有增加。与纯PDP相比,我们开发和使用的含MC颗粒PDP具有更好的物理性能、更高的农化效率和对土壤微生物的危害更小。
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Properties of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and its effects on plants and soil
Abstract One of the challenges of the modern world is to improve human nutrition and to safely increase the yield of agricultural production using existing agricultural land. It is clear that sufficient agricultural efficiency cannot be achieved without fertilizers, but fertilizers must cause minimal damage to the soil. Microorganisms, such as spore-forming bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, algae, and protozoa play an important role in the soil and keep soil healthy. One of the soil substances involved in reactions that take place in plants is cellulose. This study investigated the effect of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (PDP), synthesized (via conversion between potassium chloride and ammonium dihydrophosphate) and granulated with the addition of microcrystalline cellulose (MC), on plants (winter wheat Toras, Lithuania) and soil microorganisms. The data of plants fertilized with pure KH2PO4, ones fertilized with PDP granulated with MC, and grown without fertilizers were compared in this study. Scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry analysis were used to characterize the obtained product. One-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate the differences of the mean values between groups. In all cases, the significance level was p ≤ 0.05. The effect of pure KH2PO4 on plant indicators was found to be lower than that of granular PDP with MC. The length of the leaves was 29.63 and 31.20 cm, green mass was 0.471 and 0.763 g, ash mass was 0.015 and 0.019 g, respectively. In addition, granular PDP with MC did not adversely affect the soil microorganisms because the number of any species of bacteria (Spore b., mineral nitrogen assimilating bacteria, cellulose degrading bacteria) did not decrease and a slight increase in the number of Actinomycetes (from 8.5 × 105 to 2.9 × 106 KSV/g) and molds (from 3.0 × 104 to 1.4 × 105 KSV/g) was observed. The granular PDP with MC that we developed and used have better physical properties, higher agrochemical efficiency and cause less harm to soil microorganisms compared to pure PDP.
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来源期刊
Open Agriculture
Open Agriculture AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
4.30%
发文量
61
审稿时长
9 weeks
期刊介绍: Open Agriculture is an open access journal that publishes original articles reflecting the latest achievements on agro-ecology, soil science, plant science, horticulture, forestry, wood technology, zootechnics and veterinary medicine, entomology, aquaculture, hydrology, food science, agricultural economics, agricultural engineering, climate-based agriculture, amelioration, social sciences in agriculuture, smart farming technologies, farm management.
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