La recherche préhistorique du Pléistocène et de l’Holocène en Amérique du Sud : une perspective techno-fonctionnelle

The field of prehistoric research in South America has been shaped by various schools of thought. Historically, the French School probably focused more on the most ancient periods. This school has applied rigorous excavation methods, including spatial studies, 3D recording of archaeological remains, and technological analyses of lithic artifacts. In the past two decades, a new school of thought — functional technology — has emerged, offering a fresh perspective in prehistoric research. This article aims to undertake an historical review of academic contributions on this theme, reflect on the impact of this school as a methodological cornerstone for lithic studies in South America, and propose scientific guidelines for current and future research.