进化精神病学如何推动精神药理学

IF 8.3 2区 医学 Q1 Medicine Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI:10.31887/DCNS.2019.21.2/rnesse
R. Nesse, Dan J Stein
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引用次数: 4

摘要

精神药理学的主流范式侧重于理解大脑机制,这是寻找新药物和改善临床结果的关键,但对进展缓慢的沮丧情绪激发了许多人对新方法的呼吁。进化精神病学带来了一门额外的基础科学,它提出了新的问题,即为什么自然选择会让我们容易受到如此多的精神障碍的影响,以及对药物如何发挥作用的新见解。神经科学与进化精神病学的结合是协同的,超越了还原论,提供了一个与医学其他领域一样的模型。它将负面情绪识别为症状,比如疼痛和咳嗽,这些都是有用的防御措施,它们的存在应该会引发寻找原因。综合进化方法解释了为什么阻断有用厌恶反应的病原体通常是安全的,以及如何预测它们何时可能造成伤害。更普遍地说,进化框架为寻找和测试新药提供了新的实用策略。
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How evolutionary psychiatry can advance psychopharmacology

The prevailing paradigm for psychopharmacology focuses on understanding brain mechanisms as the key to finding new medications and improving clinical outcomes, but frustration with slow progress has inspired many pleas for new approaches. Evolutionary psychiatry brings in an additional basic science that poses new questions about why natural selection left us vulnerable to so many mental disorders, and new insights about how drugs work. The integration of neuroscience with evolutionary psychiatry is synergistic, going beyond reductionism to provide a model like the one used by the rest of medicine. It recognizes negative emotions as symptoms, that are, like pain and cough, useful defenses whose presence should initiate a search for causes. An integrative evolutionary approach explains why agents that block useful aversive responses are usually safe, and how to anticipate when they may cause harm. More generally, an evolutionary framework suggests novel practical strategies for finding and testing new drugs.

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来源期刊
Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience Medicine-Psychiatry and Mental Health
CiteScore
19.30
自引率
1.20%
发文量
1
期刊介绍: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience (DCNS) endeavors to bridge the gap between clinical neuropsychiatry and the neurosciences by offering state-of-the-art information and original insights into pertinent clinical, biological, and therapeutic aspects. As an open access journal, DCNS ensures accessibility to its content for all interested parties. Each issue is curated to include expert reviews, original articles, and brief reports, carefully selected to offer a comprehensive understanding of the evolving landscape in clinical neuroscience. Join us in advancing knowledge and fostering dialogue in this dynamic field.
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