Biosynthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles by using Leaf Extractionof Allium Calocephalum Wendelbow Plant

Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were biosynthesized by using a leaf extract of Allium Calocephalum Wendelbow (ACW) plant. The impact of various zinc salts on the characteristic’s properties of synthesized ZnO NPs and which salt is more suitable for the synthesis of the ZnO NPs were investigated. The used different zinc salts were Zinc Nitrate Hexahydrate (ZNH), Zinc Acetate (ZA), and Zinc Chloride (ZC). The properties of synthesized NPs were studied using a variety of characterization techniques. The FTIR analysis and UV-Visible spectroscopy of ACW plant leaf extract proved to suggest this extract is a better choice for the green synthesis of ZnO NPs. The UV–Visible spectra of leaf extract showed two distinct absorption peaks in the region of 262 nm and 350 nm at ambient temperature. The FE-SEM analysis revealed a spherical form of ZnO NPs having an (average) mean size in the range of (21.61-63.12) nm. Also, XRD results revealed the formation of a hexagonal wurtzite structure. The crystal size of produced ZnO NPs along the (002) diffraction peak was in the range of (16.91 to 28.19) nm for different Zinc salt. The EDX analysis shows that the produced ZnO NPs are very pure. The FTIR results displayed there is no obvious peak in the monitoring range, suggesting that the ZnO NPs created via using ACW Leaf Extract. Also, the UV-Vis. results of ZnO NPs showed that the sharpness peak in exciton absorption region, and UV absorption edge were found (381-397) nm, which is corresponding to the E g of the ZnO NPs, and the investigated E g of ZnO NPs was in the range of (3.12-3.25) eV. In addition, from all obtained results of the fabricated ZnO NPs, the ZnO NPs synthesized from zinc salt which is the Zinc Nitrate Hexahydrate showed the very high-quality and improved rather than the ZnO NPs synthesized from other zinc salts.