Merging Flipped Classroom Model with the Ethnomathematics Approach: A New Flexibility Learning Model

This research focuses on developing a learning model that focuses on flexibility as well as meaningful and student-centered learning. The development of this model is a solution to the challenges of the Education 4.0 era. The problem found in the learning process is that the developed learning model does not facilitate students to follow flexible learning. Students are also not facilitated with learning that brings the context of students' local culture and traditions into learning activities. Another problem is that the learning model used so far has not been tested for model quality, namely valid, practical, and effective. Referring to these problems, the research was conducted through a design research approach with Plomp's development study-model type. The new learning model developed combines the concepts of the flipped classroom and ethnomathematics called the ethno-flipped classroom model. The quality of the developed model was tested using Nieveen's concept through validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The results showed that the ethno-flipped classroom model was valid, practical, and effective. This research obtained an ethno-flipped classroom model syntax consisting of six stages, namely Flexibility, Culture Experience, Cooperative, Elaboration, Collaboration, and Evaluation