Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.51709/19951272/fall2023/10
This study aims to examine the impact of shared leadership and emergent leadership on team performance, with the moderating role of trust by employing Adaptive theory. To understand this, we conducted a cross-sectional study. Rooted within positivist philosophy, we employed quantitative method. Data was collected via questionnaire from 252 individuals from software and IT sector employees of Pakistan. Sample adequacy tests were applied before conducting multi-variate analysis. Using SPSS, we ran regression analysis and process macro for moderation analysis. The Harman test is applied to enquire about any existence of common method biases. Findings indicate that shared and emergent leadership are the key drivers of agile team performance. When leadership functions as a team process, it instills a sense of collective identity, increasing engagement and yield enhanced levels of team performance. Moreover, trust did not moderate the relationship between leadership styles and team performance. This study enhances our understanding of the differences between the interchangeably used leadership styles and their contribution to team performance in a digital setting
{"title":"Situationally Appropriate Leadership Styles and Team Performance: Is Trust Really Important","authors":"","doi":"10.51709/19951272/fall2023/10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51709/19951272/fall2023/10","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine the impact of shared leadership and emergent leadership on team performance, with the moderating role of trust by employing Adaptive theory. To understand this, we conducted a cross-sectional study. Rooted within positivist philosophy, we employed quantitative method. Data was collected via questionnaire from 252 individuals from software and IT sector employees of Pakistan. Sample adequacy tests were applied before conducting multi-variate analysis. Using SPSS, we ran regression analysis and process macro for moderation analysis. The Harman test is applied to enquire about any existence of common method biases. Findings indicate that shared and emergent leadership are the key drivers of agile team performance. When leadership functions as a team process, it instills a sense of collective identity, increasing engagement and yield enhanced levels of team performance. Moreover, trust did not moderate the relationship between leadership styles and team performance. This study enhances our understanding of the differences between the interchangeably used leadership styles and their contribution to team performance in a digital setting","PeriodicalId":43392,"journal":{"name":"FWU Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135485922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.51709/19951272/fall2023/3
This empirical work is based on the partial phased findings of a colossal PhD work done with core objective of highlighting the role of TV web channels in representation of dilemma-oriented aspects, pertaining child sexual abuse reporting and such news’ psychosocial impact on media consumers. The research strategy was mainly exploratory and was based on qualitative research design. This was targeted that major stakeholders in child sexual abuse news, need to be consulted in order to shed light on the menace of child sexual abuse’s media reporting as this is being catastrophized due to misrepresentation of over- exaggerated aspects of abuse. Those professional reporters, news framers and news producers (15 from each category) who reported that they have been reporting on such matters in past five years or more were targeted as potential participants’ of current research. Interview protocol guide was employed in this regard. The findings revealed that sexual abuse news content stakeholders reported that they had limited skills, technical insight, personal emotional issues, emotional exhaustion and burnout, limited insight regarding experts in dealing sensitive matters and diffusion of responsibilities due to which such news content was handled by them inapt ways. They also reported as having individual, familial, contextual and cultural factors that caused them hurdles. The emerging themes revealed that relevant education paucity not only stand out as foundational deficit rather also makes us turn into debilitated state of dismay. Furthermore, lack of relevant training in framing of such sensational news, fear of consequences and professional burn out are emerged as other main themes
{"title":"Unraveling the Dimensions of Child Sexual Abuse Portrayal by Web Based Media Channels: Pakistani News Framers’ Perspective","authors":"","doi":"10.51709/19951272/fall2023/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51709/19951272/fall2023/3","url":null,"abstract":"This empirical work is based on the partial phased findings of a colossal PhD work done with core objective of highlighting the role of TV web channels in representation of dilemma-oriented aspects, pertaining child sexual abuse reporting and such news’ psychosocial impact on media consumers. The research strategy was mainly exploratory and was based on qualitative research design. This was targeted that major stakeholders in child sexual abuse news, need to be consulted in order to shed light on the menace of child sexual abuse’s media reporting as this is being catastrophized due to misrepresentation of over- exaggerated aspects of abuse. Those professional reporters, news framers and news producers (15 from each category) who reported that they have been reporting on such matters in past five years or more were targeted as potential participants’ of current research. Interview protocol guide was employed in this regard. The findings revealed that sexual abuse news content stakeholders reported that they had limited skills, technical insight, personal emotional issues, emotional exhaustion and burnout, limited insight regarding experts in dealing sensitive matters and diffusion of responsibilities due to which such news content was handled by them inapt ways. They also reported as having individual, familial, contextual and cultural factors that caused them hurdles. The emerging themes revealed that relevant education paucity not only stand out as foundational deficit rather also makes us turn into debilitated state of dismay. Furthermore, lack of relevant training in framing of such sensational news, fear of consequences and professional burn out are emerged as other main themes","PeriodicalId":43392,"journal":{"name":"FWU Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.51709/19951272/fall2023/7
For countries to remain competitive in the global knowledge economy, digital transformation of education is becoming increasingly important. As a developing nation, Vietnam recognizes this importance and is adopting policies to integrate digital technology into its education system. This study investigates how teachers in Vietnam are prepared for digital transformation in education using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. An online survey involved 403 teachers across 22 Vietnamese provinces. Its purpose was to understand their readiness and perspectives on digital tech integration in education. The collected data underwent descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. The findings revealed that teachers in Vietnam demonstrated a moderate degree of readiness to integrate digital transformation into their teaching practices, along with a moderate level of acceptance of its implementation (mean = 3.67 and 3.65, respectively). The survey indicated teachers' positive views on digital education transformation (average rating: 3.28) and its user-friendliness (average rating: 3.42). Preparedness, usefulness perception, and ease of use affected 86.1% of teachers' digital transformation acceptance. As a result, it is possible to assume that Vietnamese teachers intend to implement digital transformation in their teaching. Based on the data gathered, the study concludes that targeted interventions and support are critical to assisting Vietnamese teachers in overcoming the challenges of digital transformation in education. Possible interventions encompass better tech access, enhanced training, fostering innovation in classrooms, and professional development. The study's insights can shape education policies and practices, and enrich literature on digital transformation in developing nations
{"title":"Teachers' Perceptions and Readiness for Digital Transformation in Education: Empirical Evidence from Vietnam, a Developing Nation","authors":"","doi":"10.51709/19951272/fall2023/7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51709/19951272/fall2023/7","url":null,"abstract":"For countries to remain competitive in the global knowledge economy, digital transformation of education is becoming increasingly important. As a developing nation, Vietnam recognizes this importance and is adopting policies to integrate digital technology into its education system. This study investigates how teachers in Vietnam are prepared for digital transformation in education using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. An online survey involved 403 teachers across 22 Vietnamese provinces. Its purpose was to understand their readiness and perspectives on digital tech integration in education. The collected data underwent descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. The findings revealed that teachers in Vietnam demonstrated a moderate degree of readiness to integrate digital transformation into their teaching practices, along with a moderate level of acceptance of its implementation (mean = 3.67 and 3.65, respectively). The survey indicated teachers' positive views on digital education transformation (average rating: 3.28) and its user-friendliness (average rating: 3.42). Preparedness, usefulness perception, and ease of use affected 86.1% of teachers' digital transformation acceptance. As a result, it is possible to assume that Vietnamese teachers intend to implement digital transformation in their teaching. Based on the data gathered, the study concludes that targeted interventions and support are critical to assisting Vietnamese teachers in overcoming the challenges of digital transformation in education. Possible interventions encompass better tech access, enhanced training, fostering innovation in classrooms, and professional development. The study's insights can shape education policies and practices, and enrich literature on digital transformation in developing nations","PeriodicalId":43392,"journal":{"name":"FWU Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.51709/19951272/fall2023/8
Bank-specific risks along with corporate governance mechanisms are an important consideration for measuring bank performance. Therefore, this study aims to explore the role of credit and liquidity risk along with bank governance for the performance of banks. The present study included a sample of 116 banks operating within Asian emerging nations, spanning the period from 2012 to 2022. It utilizes static and dynamic panel methods for testing the main hypothesis and for confirming robustness. This study finds that credit risk (Z-score, Non-performing loans), liquidity risk (Current ratio, Loan to deposit ratio) and corporate governance (Board size and CEO duality) significantly influence the performance of banks in Asian emerging economies. Banking management should maintain procedures for loan granting and timely repayment of loan instalments from consumers to control credit risk. Managers of banks should keep a close eye on their banks' liquidity conditions and implement appropriate governance systems to help them operate and earn better
{"title":"Nexus Between Credit Risk, Liquidity Risk, Corporate Governance and Bank Performance During Times of Crisis","authors":"","doi":"10.51709/19951272/fall2023/8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51709/19951272/fall2023/8","url":null,"abstract":"Bank-specific risks along with corporate governance mechanisms are an important consideration for measuring bank performance. Therefore, this study aims to explore the role of credit and liquidity risk along with bank governance for the performance of banks. The present study included a sample of 116 banks operating within Asian emerging nations, spanning the period from 2012 to 2022. It utilizes static and dynamic panel methods for testing the main hypothesis and for confirming robustness. This study finds that credit risk (Z-score, Non-performing loans), liquidity risk (Current ratio, Loan to deposit ratio) and corporate governance (Board size and CEO duality) significantly influence the performance of banks in Asian emerging economies. Banking management should maintain procedures for loan granting and timely repayment of loan instalments from consumers to control credit risk. Managers of banks should keep a close eye on their banks' liquidity conditions and implement appropriate governance systems to help them operate and earn better","PeriodicalId":43392,"journal":{"name":"FWU Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"357 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135485924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.51709/19951272/fall2023/6
The main purpose of this study is to test (1) the influence of work-life balance (WLB) on employee performance (EP), (2) the potential mediating effect of job satisfaction (JS), and (3) the moderating effect of affective commitment (AC) in these relationships. The collected data from 146 employees of a plywood manufacturing company in Indonesia via a self- administered questionnaire survey are subjected to analysis employing the smartPLS-SEM technique. Also, the mediated- moderated procedure recommended by Hayes (2013) is applied to examine the relationships among investigated variables. The results showed that WLB has a significant effect on both EP and JS. Also, AC positively affects EP. Furthermore, the mediational analysis indicated that JS mediates the link between WLB and EP. Moreover, the moderation analysis revealed that AC fails to moderate the effects of WLB and JS on EP.
{"title":"The Impact of Work-Life Balance on Employee Performance: Examining the Mediating-Moderating Role of Job Satisfaction and Affective Commitment","authors":"","doi":"10.51709/19951272/fall2023/6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51709/19951272/fall2023/6","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this study is to test (1) the influence of work-life balance (WLB) on employee performance (EP), (2) the potential mediating effect of job satisfaction (JS), and (3) the moderating effect of affective commitment (AC) in these relationships. The collected data from 146 employees of a plywood manufacturing company in Indonesia via a self- administered questionnaire survey are subjected to analysis employing the smartPLS-SEM technique. Also, the mediated- moderated procedure recommended by Hayes (2013) is applied to examine the relationships among investigated variables. The results showed that WLB has a significant effect on both EP and JS. Also, AC positively affects EP. Furthermore, the mediational analysis indicated that JS mediates the link between WLB and EP. Moreover, the moderation analysis revealed that AC fails to moderate the effects of WLB and JS on EP.","PeriodicalId":43392,"journal":{"name":"FWU Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.51709/19951272/fall2023/1
This study aims to provide evidence from an economic experiment that explores the effect of different financial information sources on people’s trust and investment decisions. Research participants consisted of 128 individuals aged between 18 and 30. An experiment design divided participants into three treatment groups and a control group. The participants in each treatment group were assigned to receive different presentations of financial information, namely, an official styled fact sheet (T1), a post on social media (T2), and in- person advising (T3). The study measured the level of participants’ trust and investment in each treatment and compared it with the control group. The findings demonstrated that participants in T1 trusted their information and made significant investment, while those in T2 did not trust and invest. The participants in T3 trusted their information but did not decide to invest. These results suggest that traditional channels remain essential in communicating financial information, and financial institutions must take this into account when considering their communication strategies
{"title":"The Effect of Information Sources on Trust and Investment: Evidence from Economic Experimentation","authors":"","doi":"10.51709/19951272/fall2023/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51709/19951272/fall2023/1","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to provide evidence from an economic experiment that explores the effect of different financial information sources on people’s trust and investment decisions. Research participants consisted of 128 individuals aged between 18 and 30. An experiment design divided participants into three treatment groups and a control group. The participants in each treatment group were assigned to receive different presentations of financial information, namely, an official styled fact sheet (T1), a post on social media (T2), and in- person advising (T3). The study measured the level of participants’ trust and investment in each treatment and compared it with the control group. The findings demonstrated that participants in T1 trusted their information and made significant investment, while those in T2 did not trust and invest. The participants in T3 trusted their information but did not decide to invest. These results suggest that traditional channels remain essential in communicating financial information, and financial institutions must take this into account when considering their communication strategies","PeriodicalId":43392,"journal":{"name":"FWU Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135485918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.51709/19951272/fall2023/5
Education is deliberated comprehensively as a gadget for growing financial development, authorizing people, valuing individual incomes, and humanizing a satisfying and elastic atmosphere that concretes the way for a well-off economy. It also offers suggestions gearing the new generations to contract with the contests of markets in the future. Deprived of a vigorous education curriculum, neither economic nor social development is conceivable in Pakistan. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the role of curriculum of higher education for fostering the economic development and find out relationship between curriculum and economic development. The subjects of this research were university students and sample of 600 university students were selected via stratified and simple random procedure. The collected data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics frequency percentage and correlation on SPSS version 28.0. The results exposed the low indications that the Pakistani curriculum is teaching the techniques of financial learning, financial intelligence to its youth. The results found that participants were incapable to capitalize and grasp businesses in the global market to revel in financial independence. Positive descriptions for educational institutes entails to update their curriculum with acquaint practical courses for youth with boosted job scenarios in the marketplace. A robust positive correlation between financial knowledge and job opportunities as an apprise in the curriculum with modern-day mandatory subjects can resulted to enhance opportunities for graduates in the job market
{"title":"Curriculum of Higher Education for Fostering Economic Development in Pakistan","authors":"","doi":"10.51709/19951272/fall2023/5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51709/19951272/fall2023/5","url":null,"abstract":"Education is deliberated comprehensively as a gadget for growing financial development, authorizing people, valuing individual incomes, and humanizing a satisfying and elastic atmosphere that concretes the way for a well-off economy. It also offers suggestions gearing the new generations to contract with the contests of markets in the future. Deprived of a vigorous education curriculum, neither economic nor social development is conceivable in Pakistan. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the role of curriculum of higher education for fostering the economic development and find out relationship between curriculum and economic development. The subjects of this research were university students and sample of 600 university students were selected via stratified and simple random procedure. The collected data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics frequency percentage and correlation on SPSS version 28.0. The results exposed the low indications that the Pakistani curriculum is teaching the techniques of financial learning, financial intelligence to its youth. The results found that participants were incapable to capitalize and grasp businesses in the global market to revel in financial independence. Positive descriptions for educational institutes entails to update their curriculum with acquaint practical courses for youth with boosted job scenarios in the marketplace. A robust positive correlation between financial knowledge and job opportunities as an apprise in the curriculum with modern-day mandatory subjects can resulted to enhance opportunities for graduates in the job market","PeriodicalId":43392,"journal":{"name":"FWU Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.51709/19951272/fall2023/2
Learning a new language can be a challenging but rewarding experience, and for many individuals, the Chinese language presents a unique set of difficulties and complexities. The present study aimed to investigate the motivational factors that impact the process of learning the Chinese language among non-native speakers. The study employed a questionnaire to survey 104 Chinese language learners from different countries. According to the study results, six factors were identified as motivators for learners of Chinese, which include the desire for career and economic advancement, the aspiration to become a global citizen, the wish to communicate and connect with Chinese people, the pursuit of self- satisfaction and self-efficacy, and the inclination to integrate with Chinese cultures. Moreover, the study found that video materials, particularly Chinese cinema and drama, play a crucial role in facilitating proficiency in the Chinese language. Overall, the results suggest that foreign language learners exhibit a positive attitude towards the Chinese language and are willing to continue learning it in the future
{"title":"Motivational Factors in Chinese Language Learning: A Study of Foreign Language Learners","authors":"","doi":"10.51709/19951272/fall2023/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51709/19951272/fall2023/2","url":null,"abstract":"Learning a new language can be a challenging but rewarding experience, and for many individuals, the Chinese language presents a unique set of difficulties and complexities. The present study aimed to investigate the motivational factors that impact the process of learning the Chinese language among non-native speakers. The study employed a questionnaire to survey 104 Chinese language learners from different countries. According to the study results, six factors were identified as motivators for learners of Chinese, which include the desire for career and economic advancement, the aspiration to become a global citizen, the wish to communicate and connect with Chinese people, the pursuit of self- satisfaction and self-efficacy, and the inclination to integrate with Chinese cultures. Moreover, the study found that video materials, particularly Chinese cinema and drama, play a crucial role in facilitating proficiency in the Chinese language. Overall, the results suggest that foreign language learners exhibit a positive attitude towards the Chinese language and are willing to continue learning it in the future","PeriodicalId":43392,"journal":{"name":"FWU Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135485916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.51709/19951272/fall2023/4
This study is a case-study research that explores the anatomy of Myanmar’s border security governance using the Myawaddy Township as an exploratory case study. To explore how the Burmese borderlands, represented by Myawaddy, have been governed, the policy–regime approach is adopted as a conceptual framework to illustrate the idiosyncrasies, including relevant parties and their interactions. It was found that the following actors are involved in the security governance of borderlands: ethnic armed organisation, local bureaucratic agencies, Border Guard Forces (BGFs) and foreign interest groups. Prima facie, civil government agencies have performed their duties of overseeing border activities; however, they appear to have only de jure authority, serving as soft infrastructures for the lawful border economy. Contrarily, Karen BGF leaders, appointed by the Tatmadaw (i.e. Myanmar armed forces), have held de facto authority, controlling and benefiting from the border’s shadow economy—which is marked by gambling businesses—as well as from running protection rackets. Still, the BGF units in Myawaddy have retained a considerable degree of autonomy without necessarily following the Tatmadaw’s order. In a nutshell, border security governance in Myanmar’s Myawaddy consists of several governing modes existing in parallel and, hence, it is prismatic in nature
{"title":"Policy Regime Analysis of Border Security Governance in Myanmar: A Preliminary Case Study of Myawaddy (2020–2021)","authors":"","doi":"10.51709/19951272/fall2023/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51709/19951272/fall2023/4","url":null,"abstract":"This study is a case-study research that explores the anatomy of Myanmar’s border security governance using the Myawaddy Township as an exploratory case study. To explore how the Burmese borderlands, represented by Myawaddy, have been governed, the policy–regime approach is adopted as a conceptual framework to illustrate the idiosyncrasies, including relevant parties and their interactions. It was found that the following actors are involved in the security governance of borderlands: ethnic armed organisation, local bureaucratic agencies, Border Guard Forces (BGFs) and foreign interest groups. Prima facie, civil government agencies have performed their duties of overseeing border activities; however, they appear to have only de jure authority, serving as soft infrastructures for the lawful border economy. Contrarily, Karen BGF leaders, appointed by the Tatmadaw (i.e. Myanmar armed forces), have held de facto authority, controlling and benefiting from the border’s shadow economy—which is marked by gambling businesses—as well as from running protection rackets. Still, the BGF units in Myawaddy have retained a considerable degree of autonomy without necessarily following the Tatmadaw’s order. In a nutshell, border security governance in Myanmar’s Myawaddy consists of several governing modes existing in parallel and, hence, it is prismatic in nature","PeriodicalId":43392,"journal":{"name":"FWU Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.51709/19951272/fall2023/9
This study attempts to find out the possible opportunities for the investors of Pakistan Islamic market to maximize the benefits of divergence. Dow Jones Islamic market returns (DJIMR) of four different regions named as Dow Jones Islamic Americas, Dow Jones Islamic European, Dow Jones Islamic Asian Pacific and Dow Jones Islamic Middle East and North Africa Regions across the Pakistan Karachi Meezan Index-30 have been used to capture the approach of diversification benefits. According to objectives, Multivariate GARCH— Dynamic Conditional Correlation (DCC) model is applied and it is suggested that local investors of Pakistan should prefer to invest in Asian pacific region, then to Americas region and further Middle East and North Africa region and least preference should be given to European region to maximize benefits from diversification. In order to capture the change in diversification benefits during various stock holding horizons, Continuous wavelet transformation- CWT is applied and results have indicated insignificant relationship/correlation between two markets (local and international markets of all regions) for short period of holdings rather medium and long term holdings period. Indeed, this study has focused on advance concept of incorporating the role of stock holding horizons while determining the benefits of diversification which has greater implications in the field of portfolio diversification
{"title":"A Study of Islamic Portfolio Diversification Opportunities for Investors of Pakistan in various stock holding periods","authors":"","doi":"10.51709/19951272/fall2023/9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51709/19951272/fall2023/9","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempts to find out the possible opportunities for the investors of Pakistan Islamic market to maximize the benefits of divergence. Dow Jones Islamic market returns (DJIMR) of four different regions named as Dow Jones Islamic Americas, Dow Jones Islamic European, Dow Jones Islamic Asian Pacific and Dow Jones Islamic Middle East and North Africa Regions across the Pakistan Karachi Meezan Index-30 have been used to capture the approach of diversification benefits. According to objectives, Multivariate GARCH— Dynamic Conditional Correlation (DCC) model is applied and it is suggested that local investors of Pakistan should prefer to invest in Asian pacific region, then to Americas region and further Middle East and North Africa region and least preference should be given to European region to maximize benefits from diversification. In order to capture the change in diversification benefits during various stock holding horizons, Continuous wavelet transformation- CWT is applied and results have indicated insignificant relationship/correlation between two markets (local and international markets of all regions) for short period of holdings rather medium and long term holdings period. Indeed, this study has focused on advance concept of incorporating the role of stock holding horizons while determining the benefits of diversification which has greater implications in the field of portfolio diversification","PeriodicalId":43392,"journal":{"name":"FWU Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"357 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：