热带地区的狂犬病

IF 3.6 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Current Tropical Medicine Reports Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-03-28 DOI:10.1007/s40475-022-00257-6
Charles E Rupprecht, Reeta S Mani, Philip P Mshelbwala, Sergio E Recuenco, Michael P Ward
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引用次数: 0

摘要

审查目的:狂犬病是一种古老但仍被忽视的热带疾病(NTD)。本综述重点介绍最近的研究和同行评审交流中的亮点,这些研究和交流涉及被低估的热带疾病负担及其管理,其原因在于毒性病毒种类、多种哺乳动物储库以及数以千万计暴露于狂犬病的人类和动物的复杂动态,以及如何在各个层面进行基于实验室的监测,以了解病原体的传播情况和传播风险,从而进行有针对性的预防和控制:最近的发现:尽管成员国向泛美卫生组织/世界卫生组织和国际兽疫局报告了过去 5 年中流行地区的人类和动物狂犬病病例,但这些 "官方 "数据与加强监测以实现全球计划目标的需求之间仍存在巨大差距。摘要:回顾狂犬病在人类、家畜和野生动物群体中长期存在的复杂情况,再加上尽管存在有效的生物制剂(但没有治疗方法)但仍有很高的致死率,因此有必要采取 "一体健康 "方法,通过改进实验室监测进行检测,并在病毒源进行重点管理。需要采取更有效的方法,防止狂犬病从流行区向无狂犬病区蔓延。
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Rabies in the Tropics.

Purpose of review: Rabies is an ancient yet still neglected tropical disease (NTD). This review focuses upon highlights of recent research and peer-reviewed communications on the underestimated tropical burden of disease and its management due to the complicated dynamics of virulent viral species, diverse mammalian reservoirs, and tens of millions of exposed humans and animals - and how laboratory-based surveillance at each level informs upon pathogen spread and risks of transmission, for targeted prevention and control.

Recent findings: While both human and rabies animal cases in enzootic areas over the past 5 years were reported to PAHO/WHO and OIE by member countries, still there is a huge gap between these "official" data and the need for enhanced surveillance efforts to meet global program goals.

Summary: A review of the complex aspects of rabies perpetuation in human, domestic animal, and wildlife communities, coupled with a high fatality rate despite the existence of efficacious biologics (but no therapeutics), warrants the need for a One Health approach toward detection via improved laboratory-based surveillance, with focal management at the viral source. More effective methods to prevent the spread of rabies from enzootic to free zones are needed.

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来源期刊
Current Tropical Medicine Reports
Current Tropical Medicine Reports Medicine-Infectious Diseases
CiteScore
9.30
自引率
1.90%
发文量
23
期刊介绍: Current Tropical Medicine Reports provides expert views on recent advances in the field of tropical medicine in a clear and readable form. This journal offers reviews by domestic and international contributors that highlight the most important, recent papers and findings related to this specific field. We accomplish this by appointing renowned leaders in major tropical medicine subject areas to select topics addressing virology, bacteriology, parasitology, entomology, immunology, cell and molecular biology, epidemiology, ecology, behavioral science and clinical medicine for review by experts who assess the latest developments and highlight significant papers published over the last few years on their topics. These review articles also stress recently published papers of importance in the references, which are accompanied by annotations explaining their importance. In addition to these Section Editors, our international Editorial Board ensures our journal upholds its standards.
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