Sleep quality of adult tobacco users: A systematic review of literature and meta-analysis

Human sleep is fundamental for organic functions to occur properly. Therefore, lack of adequate sleep can impair cognitive function, which in turn causes emotional problems, memory changes and the onset of diseases. However, it is worth noting that sleep is influenced by external factors, such as tobacco usage. In this sense, our goal is to analyze studies that have the influence of tobacco consumption on the sleep quality of adults as the object of their research. A high-sensibility search was performed in databases (Virtual Health Library [Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde – BVS], Scielo, Medline via Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycoInfo, Cinahl) using descriptors linked to tobacco consumption and sleep habits. 19 studies originating from 10 countries were included, with a total sample of 15245 participants; 10 studies were selected for the meta-analysis. It was identified that smoking tobacco affects sleep characteristics — such as quality, maintenance, and duration — with females and those who use tobacco more heavily having greater alterations.