新冠肺炎诱导的ARDS:免疫病理学和治疗学

Sneha Das, Tamanna Sharma, A. Bhardwaj, R. Srivastava
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2019冠状病毒病(新冠肺炎)大流行是现代的一个重大威胁。临床研究表明,严重新冠肺炎最常见的症状是病毒性肺炎诱导的急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)。严重呼吸道疾病综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)导致ARDS的潜在机制以及某些宿主因素如何增加患严重疾病的风险仍然未知。因此,确定这种严重致命疾病的独特特征以及COVID-19诱导的ARDS的治疗方法仍然是作为标准化ARDS治疗最佳实践模型的基础的迫切需要。这篇综述文章旨在全面讨论ARDS的免疫病理学,并概述先天免疫系统和适应性免疫系统的确切作用,重点介绍目前在COVID-19诱导的ARDS患者中测试的治疗策略。据推测,这些知识将有助于揭示进一步的机制见解,以理解COVID-19诱导的ARDS。
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COVID-19 induced ARDS: immunopathology and therapeutics
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a significant threat in the modern era. Clinical studies show that the most common symptom of severe COVID-19 is viral pneumonia-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The underlying mechanisms by which severe respiratory disease syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) results in ARDS and how certain host factors confer an increased risk of developing severe disease remain unknown. Therefore, identifying the distinctive features of this severe and fatal disease and the therapeutic approaches to COVID-19-induced ARDS remains an immediate need to serve as a basis for best practice models of standardized ARDS treatment. This review article aims to comprehensively discuss the immunopathology of ARDS and provides an overview of the precise role of both the innate and adaptive immune system, with emphasis on the current treatment strategies being tested in the COVID-19-induced ARDS patients. This knowledge will supposedly help in revealing further mechanistic insights into understanding COVID-19-induced ARDS.
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