夏洛克使用thou和you的语用分析

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.1515/opli-2022-0221
Somboon Pojprasat
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引用次数: 0

摘要

莎士比亚笔下的夏洛克自从被搬上英国舞台以来,一直是一个备受争议的角色。根据现有的文献,关于这个犹太人角色是恶棍还是反犹太主义社区的受害者,人们一直在争论。本研究运用代词指示理论,在假设一个人使用代词和其他虚词可以揭示他们的自我意识的基础上,研究了这个角色对“你”和“你”的使用与他的影响之间的关系。研究结果表明,夏洛克使用这两个代词在规范的方式远远超过在实用的方式;他比他的基督徒同行更坚持这些术语的规范用法;当他务实地使用它们时,他的负面情绪的表达经常出现。研究结果还表明,(虚构)人物对第二人称代词的使用在一定程度上反映了他们相对于他人的自由和互惠感。在这种情况下,犹太人对“你”和“你”的限制和滥用表明他受到压制,与社会疏远,这反过来又驱使他对基督徒进行报复,最终导致他最终垮台。
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A pragmatic analysis of Shylock’s use of thou and you
Abstract Shakespeare’s Shylock has been so debatable a character since its introduction to the English stage. According to the existing literature, there is an on-going debate as to whether this Jewish character is a villain or falls victim to the anti-Semitic community. The current study applies deictic theory of pronouns to examine the relationship between this character’s employment of thou and you, and his affect based on the hypothesis that a person’s use of pronouns, among other function words, can reveal their sense of self. Findings have shown that Shylock uses both pronouns in the normative way considerably more than in the pragmatic way; that he adheres to the normative use of the terms more than do his Christian counterparts; and that when he pragmatically uses them, expressions of his negative emotions often appear. Findings also suggest that (fictional) persons’ use of second-person pronouns reflects to some degree their sense of freedom and reciprocity relative to others. In this case, the rather restrictive and abusive employment of thou and you by the Jew indicates him being suppressed and alienated from society, which in turn drives him to wreak vengeance on the Christians – the culminating action that makes him meet his eventual downfall.
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