蛇毒磷脂酶A2的杀菌作用:最小抑制浓度的系统评价和分析

Z. U. Abdullahi, S. Musa, Hammoda Abu-Odah, Ayman Ahmed, A. A. Lawan, U. Bello
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摘要

背景:多药耐药(MDR)菌株引起的感染是世界范围内潜在的致命公共卫生问题,需要迫切关注。以前的报告建议使用蛇毒提取物作为现有抗菌药物的有效替代机制。在本研究中,我们对蛇毒磷脂酶(PLA2s)的杀菌作用进行了系统的综述。方法:从开始到2022年3月30日,我们根据最新的PRISMA建议检索PubMed和Embase数据库。我们还进行了人工检索,以识别相关报告,以提高文献覆盖率。结果:根据入选标准共纳入24项研究。其中16项研究来自上述数据库,8项研究通过人工检索获得。另外8项研究通过纳入研究的参考文献获得。根据这篇综述,我们报道了一些PLA2s对某些革兰氏阴性菌具有较强的杀菌活性,对革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌具有中等的杀菌作用。此外,我们报道了对溴苯酰溴(p-BPP)的存在显着降低了酶和相关的抗菌活性。此外,我们观察到,在我们的系统综述研究中,大约80%的pla2来自毒蛇科,而20%来自Elapidae科。此外,在目前的研究中,蛇毒PLA2s (svPLA2s)的作用机制也出现了一些变化。结论:本系统综述了蛇毒PLA2s的杀菌作用,分析了PLA2s对菌株的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。据报道,不同种类的蛇和南美响尾蛇的不同杀菌效果,为寻找对抗细菌耐药性的替代疗法提供了令人信服的概念。因此,需要进一步分析不同毒株的其他蛇毒PLA2s的杀菌效果。此外,还需要更多的数据来利用肽和其他纯化的蛇毒素来研究其他公共卫生重点细菌。
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Bactericidal Effects of Snake Venom Phospholipases A2: A Systematic Review and Analysis of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
Background: Infections caused by multi-drug resistance (MDR) strains are potentially fatal public health issues worldwide that need pressing attention. Previous reports suggested using snake venom fractions as an effective alternative mechanism to the already available antibacterial drugs. In this study, we conducted a systematic review to analyze the bactericidal effects of snake venom phospholipases (PLA2s). Methods: From the beginning through 30 March 2022, we searched the PubMed and Embase databases in accordance with the most recent PRISMA recommendations. We also conducted a manual search to identify relevant reports to improve literature coverage. Results: A total of 24 studies were included based on the selection criteria to compile this review. Of them, 16 studies were obtained from the abovementioned databases and eight through manual searches. The other 8 studies were obtained through the references of the included studies. According to the review, we reported that some PLA2s showed more vigorous bactericidal activity on some Gram-negative and a moderate effect on Gram-negative and Gram-positive. Furthermore, we reported that the presence of p-bromophenacyl bromide (p-BPP) showed a significant decrease in enzymatic and associated antibacterial activities. Moreover, we observed that about 80% of the PLA2s reported in our systematic review study were those from the Viperidae family, whereas 20% came from the Elapidae family. Moreover, some variations were revealed in the current study regarding the mechanism of actions of the snake venom PLA2s (svPLA2s). Conclusion: This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of the bactericidal effect of snake venom PLA2s and the analysis of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of PLA2s for bacterial strains. Varying bactericidal effects from various snake species and South American rattlesnakes were reported, presenting compelling concepts to the alternative search for therapies against bacterial resistance. Thus, further analysis of the bactericidal effects of other snake venoms PLA2s considering different strains is needed. Moreover, more data are needed to investigate other bacteria of public health priority using peptides and other purified snake toxins.
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