Pattern of injuries in blunt trauma abdomen: A retrospective evaluation of imaging findings at a high-volume tertiary care trauma centre

Objective: Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) is the investigation of choice in trauma patients. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the pattern, severity and association of abdominal injuries based on imaging at a high-volume tertiary trauma care centre. Methods: Retrospective evaluation of the CT records of patients over a period of 5 years was done at our institute. A total of 1519 patients who had undergone contrast-enhanced abdominal CT at a 64-slice Multidetector CT for abdominal trauma were included in this study. Inclusion criteria were: 1) History of blunt abdominal trauma, 2) Patients who had undergone a biphasic CECT abdomen scan. Exclusion criteria were: 1) Patients with penetrating injury, 2) Patients with incomplete data set/records. Results: Liver was the most common injured organ in both adult (38.8%) and paediatric population (40.9%). Significant higher incidence of mesenteric injury, bladder injury, spinal and rib fractures were seen in adult patients. Significant association of anorectal injuries (P=0.003) and bladder/urethral injuries with pelvic fractures was also seen (P<0.001). Conclusion: Our study provided important insights about the pattern, severity and association between the various abdominal injuries based on imaging findings in a large patient population. Larger studies with incorporation of clinical outcome in such patients can help in formulating appropriate management strategies.