部署现实主义如何经受住Doppelt的批评

Mario Alai
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引用次数: 3

摘要

Gerald Doppelt声称,部署现实主义无法抵御基于“悲观元归纳”和Laudan历史反例的反现实主义反对。此外,它是不完整的,因为它试图解释理论的预测成功,但忽略了解释其解释成功的必要性。因此,他提出了一个新版本的现实主义,作为预测和解释成功的最佳解释,并只致力于当前最佳理论的真理,而不是被抛弃的理论的真理(Doppelt(2007201120132014)。在其他地方,我批评了他新的现实主义风格。相反,我认为(a)Doppelt没有表明部署现实主义不能解决科学史上提出的问题,(b)解释解释性成功对解释新的预测性成功没有多大帮助,(c)Doppert是对的,真相不是一个充分的解释,但有不同的原因,这并不能反驳部署现实主义,而是有助于更好地详述它。在更明确的表述中,现实主义IBE不仅得出了理论的真实性,还得出了科学家和科学方法的可靠性、自然的有序性和简单性以及背景理论的近似真实性的结论。
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How Deployment Realism withstands Doppelt's Criticisms
Gerald Doppelt claims that Deployment Realism cannot withstand the antirealist objections based on the “pessimistic meta-induction” and Laudan’s historical counterexamples. Moreover it is incomplete, as it purports to explain the predictive success of theories, but overlooks the necessity to explain also their explanatory success. Accordingly, he proposes a new version of realism, presented as the best explanation of both predictive and explanatory success, and committed only to the truth of best current theories, not of the discarded ones (Doppelt (2007, 2011, 2013, 2014). Elsewhere I criticized his new brand of realism. Here instead I argue that (a) Doppelt has not shown that Deployment Realism cannot solve the problems raised by the history of science, (b) explaining explanatory success does not add much to explaining novel predictive success, and (c) Doppelt is right that truth is not a sufficient explanans, but for different reasons, and this does not refute Deployment Realism, but helps to detail it better. In a more explicit formulation, the realist IBE concludes not only to the truth of theories, but also to the reliability of scientists and scientific method, the order and simplicity of nature, and the approximate truth of background theories.
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