豇豆品种籽粒大小、颜色及生物强化特性研究

Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI:10.1590/1983-21252023v36n122rc
Maria do Perpetuo Socorro C. Martins, A. F. D. S. Lopes, Abdias Jean, K. J. Damasceno-Silva, M. D. C. D. C. E. Martins, M. M. Rocha
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引用次数: 0

摘要

豇豆作物在巴西东北地区具有很高的社会经济重要性。这些作物创造就业和收入;此外,它还是蛋白质、矿物质、维生素和膳食纤维的极好来源,为成千上万人的粮食安全做出了贡献。用铁、锌和蛋白质对豇豆进行生物强化,有助于防止更高的饥饿感。研究了不同品种豇豆籽粒中铁、锌和蛋白质的含量,以及籽粒大小和籽粒颜色对这些营养物质含量的影响。对24个种皮大小和颜色变化的品种进行了评价。铁含量为7.12 ~ 8.60 mg 100 g-1,总体平均值为7.75 mg 100 g-1。锌含量为4.46 ~ 4.93 mg 100 g-1,总体平均值为4.71 mg 100 g-1。蛋白质含量为31.50 ~ 36.24 g 100 g-1,总体平均值为33.57 g 100 g-1。粒径范围为13.55 ~ 37.88 g,总体平均为21.50 g。品种caldeir o、BRS-Guariba和Pingo-de-Ouro-1-2铁含量较高;BRS-Aracê和BRS-Imponente含锌量较高;BR-14-Mulato、BRS-Guariba、BRS-Aracê和BRS-Inhuma蛋白含量较高;BR-3-Tracuateua和br - imponente晶粒尺寸较大。种皮的大小和颜色对豇豆品种的铁、锌和蛋白质含量没有影响。
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Characterization of cowpea cultivars for grain size, color, and biofortification
ABSTRACT Cowpea crops have high socioeconomic importance in the Northeast region of Brazil. These crops generate employment and income; in addition, it is an excellent source of protein, minerals, vitamins, and dietary fiber, and contributes to the food security of thousands of people. Biofortification of cowpea with iron, zinc, and proteins can contribute to prevent the higher hunger. The objective of this work was to assess iron, zinc, and protein contents in cowpea grains of different cultivars and the effect of grain size and color on the contents of these nutrients. Twenty-four cultivars with variation in size and color of the seed coat were evaluated. Iron contents ranged from 7.12 to 8.60 mg 100 g-1, with an overall mean of 7.75 mg 100 g-1. Zinc contents ranged from 4.46 to 4.93 mg 100 g-1, with an overall mean of 4.71 mg 100 g-1. Protein contents ranged from 31.50 to 36.24 g 100 g-1, with an overall mean of 33.57 g 100 g-1. Grain size ranged from 13.55 to 37.88 g, with an overall mean of 21.50 g. The cultivars Caldeirão, BRS-Guariba, and Pingo-de-Ouro-1-2 have higher iron contents; BRS-Aracê and BRS-Imponente have higher zinc contents; BR-14-Mulato, BRS-Guariba, BRS-Aracê, and BRS-Inhuma, have higher protein contents; and BR-3-Tracuateua and BRS-Imponente have larger grain sizes. The size and color of the seed coat do not influence the iron, zinc and protein contents of the evaluated cowpea cultivars.
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