Laryngeal fetal atresia as a cause of congenital upper airway obstruction

Congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS) is total or partial obstruction of the fetal high respiratory tract, the most common cause being laryngeal atresia. It is a rare and fatal condition if perinatal intervention is not performed or if it is unrecognized. Prenatal ultrasound images show typical findings that can help in an early diagnosis, which is important to decide the successful planning of perinatal management or elective termination of pregnancy. A case diagnosed prenatally due to its characteristic ultrasound findings is presented.