家畜饲料中易消化的异物及养殖条件下的预防措施

V. Sokolyuk, I. Ligomina, V. Dukhnytskyi, P. Boyko, V. Dzhmil, N. Boltyk
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在现代奶牛养殖条件下,牛胃中存在难以消化的异物是常见的,这是由于许多因素造成的。在该农场的15头奶牛(占畜群总数的6%)中,由于消化器官病理,网状和邻近器官受损而被扑杀。难以消化的异物最多的是金属物体,在8头牛身上发现了金属物体;尼龙绳,卡普纶网,聚乙烯袋-供4头牛使用;破布和皮革物品-来自2头牛;在一只动物身上发现了砾石和混凝土碎片。食用难以消化的异物在养殖牛中很常见,这可能是生产力下降、过早扑杀甚至动物死亡的重要原因。妥善处理农场内难以消化的异物、塑料废物,应是预防动物疾病、减少扑杀和改善动物福利措施的组成部分。必须在以下方面进行综合配药:群体综合征的确定,动物的临床研究,血液,牛奶,尿液的实验室研究,动物饲养和饲养的分析。主要的预防措施之一是用磁性探针定期探测奶牛是否携带金属物体,并引入金属物体捕捉器。在畜牧业服务职工中,对饲料地、养殖场境内散布各种难以消化物的危险性进行说明工作。
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Indigesible foreign bodies in feedfor livestock and preventive measures in farm conditions
In the modern conditions of dairy farming, the presence of indigestible foreign bodies in the stomachs of cattle is common, which is due to many factors. In 15 cows of the farm (6 % of the total number of animals in the herd), culled due to the pathology of the digestive organs, damage to the mesh and adjacent organs was diagnosed. The largest number of indigestible foreign bodies was metal objects, which were found in 8 cows; nylon ropes, kapron nets, polyethylene bags – for 4 cows; rags and leather items – from 2 cows; gravel and pieces of concrete were found in one animal. Consumption of indigestible foreign bodies is a common occurrence in farmed cattle, which can be a significant cause of loss of productivity, premature culling, and even animal death. Proper handling of indigestible foreign objects, plastic waste on the farm should be an integral part of preventive measures for animal disease, reduction of culling and improvement of animal welfare. Comprehensive dispensation must be carried out in the following areas: determination of herd syndromes, clinical studies of animals, laboratory studies of blood, milk, urine, analysis of feeding and keeping of animals. One of the main preventive measures is the regular probing of cows for metal-carrying objects with magnetic probes, the introduction of metal object catchers. Among the workers serving the livestock industry, carry out explanatory work on the danger of spreading various indigestible objects on the territory of fodder lands and livestock farms.
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