T. Marchenko, S. Shuliak, O. Haidei, O. Chechet, Yu.V. Dobrozhan, B. Gutyj, O. Krushelnytska
An egg is an ecological food product containing protein, balanced vitamins, trace elements, and essential amino acids in the correct ratio. At the same time, egg albumin is an obligate allergen with no species specificity; consuming eggs from other birds does not eliminate the risk of an allergic reaction. The development of an allergy to chicken eggs in children, manifested by exudative diathesis, is especially likely. Allergy to egg protein leads to deterioration of the quality of life and health; therefore, its detection in food products is relevant today. The article contains information on the validation of the method of determining the egg protein content in food products by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method and the main parameters for assessing the suitability of this method. The quantitative determination of processed chicken egg protein in food products was validated using the Ridascreen Egg ELISA test system, R-Biopharm, based on the State Research Institute for Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary-Sanitary Examination. The material for the study was negative samples of the matrix and enriched samples of CRM (certified reference material cake mix). Validation of the method for the quantitative determination of processed chicken egg protein in food products was carried out by determining and evaluating the following parameters: the limit of detection, quantification, convergence, reproducibility, accuracy, and uncertainty. The ELISA method for quantitatively determining processed chicken egg protein in food products has been successfully tested and meets the requirements of EU Commission Regulation 2002/657; all validation parameters are within acceptable limits. The method is suitable for food research and recommended for testing laboratories.
{"title":"Validation of the method for determining the egg albumin allergen in food products by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay","authors":"T. Marchenko, S. Shuliak, O. Haidei, O. Chechet, Yu.V. Dobrozhan, B. Gutyj, O. Krushelnytska","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet11003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet11003","url":null,"abstract":"An egg is an ecological food product containing protein, balanced vitamins, trace elements, and essential amino acids in the correct ratio. At the same time, egg albumin is an obligate allergen with no species specificity; consuming eggs from other birds does not eliminate the risk of an allergic reaction. The development of an allergy to chicken eggs in children, manifested by exudative diathesis, is especially likely. Allergy to egg protein leads to deterioration of the quality of life and health; therefore, its detection in food products is relevant today. The article contains information on the validation of the method of determining the egg protein content in food products by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method and the main parameters for assessing the suitability of this method. The quantitative determination of processed chicken egg protein in food products was validated using the Ridascreen Egg ELISA test system, R-Biopharm, based on the State Research Institute for Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary-Sanitary Examination. The material for the study was negative samples of the matrix and enriched samples of CRM (certified reference material cake mix). Validation of the method for the quantitative determination of processed chicken egg protein in food products was carried out by determining and evaluating the following parameters: the limit of detection, quantification, convergence, reproducibility, accuracy, and uncertainty. The ELISA method for quantitatively determining processed chicken egg protein in food products has been successfully tested and meets the requirements of EU Commission Regulation 2002/657; all validation parameters are within acceptable limits. The method is suitable for food research and recommended for testing laboratories.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49078653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Khalak, B. Gutyj, V. Voloshchuk, Z. Guta, T. Verbelchuk, M. Ilchenko
The work presents the results of the study of some biochemical indicators of blood serum, physicochemical properties, and chemical composition of muscle tissue of young pigs of the large white breed and the calculation of correlations between the main quantitative characteristics. The work was carried out in the agricultural formations of the Dnipropetrovsk region, the research center for biosafety and environmental control of agricultural resources of the Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, LLC “Globynskyi Myasokbinat” of the Poltava region, the zootechnical analysis laboratory of the Institute of Pig Breeding and Agro-industrial Production of the National Academy of Sciences and the animal husbandry laboratory of the state institution “Institute of Grain Crops of NAAS”. Studies of the fattening and meat qualities of young pigs of the large white breed show that the animals of the controlled population belong to the elite class by the age of reaching a live weight of 100 kg. This indicator in the animals of the experimental group ranges from 167 to 188 days. It was established that the number of samples of the longest back muscle of high quality according to the indicator “moisture retention capacity” is 12.0 %, “fat content” – 16.0%, “tenderness” – 12% and “color intensity” – 16%. A high level of phenotypic consolidation was established in the animals of the II experimental group (the age of reaching a live weight of 100 kg is 177–188 days) according to the content of total moisture (K1 = +0.458, K2 = +0.456), air-dry matter (K1 = +0.492, K2 = +0.500), ash (K1 = +0.527, K2 = +0.534), fat (K1 = +0.559, K2 = +0.518) and calcium (K1 = +0.385, K2 = +0.415). Reliable correlations were established between the following pairs of traits: moisture-holding capacity × protein content (r = -0.484, tr = 2.65), age at which live weight reached 100 kg × calcium (Ca) content (r = -0.392, tr = 2,15), age of reaching a live weight of 100 kg × moisture retention capacity (r = +0.447, tr = 2.40), age of reaching a live weight of 100 kg × loss during heat treatment (r = -0.390, tr = 2.14). This indicates the effectiveness of using the indicator “age of reaching 100 kg live weight, days” for early prediction of calcium (Ca), moisture retention capacity, and loss of muscle tissue during heat treatment in young pigs of the large white breed.
{"title":"Components of physicochemical properties and chemical composition of mus-cle tissue of young pigs of different growth intensities, the level of their pheno-typic consolidation, and correlation","authors":"V. Khalak, B. Gutyj, V. Voloshchuk, Z. Guta, T. Verbelchuk, M. Ilchenko","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet11009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet11009","url":null,"abstract":"The work presents the results of the study of some biochemical indicators of blood serum, physicochemical properties, and chemical composition of muscle tissue of young pigs of the large white breed and the calculation of correlations between the main quantitative characteristics. The work was carried out in the agricultural formations of the Dnipropetrovsk region, the research center for biosafety and environmental control of agricultural resources of the Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, LLC “Globynskyi Myasokbinat” of the Poltava region, the zootechnical analysis laboratory of the Institute of Pig Breeding and Agro-industrial Production of the National Academy of Sciences and the animal husbandry laboratory of the state institution “Institute of Grain Crops of NAAS”. Studies of the fattening and meat qualities of young pigs of the large white breed show that the animals of the controlled population belong to the elite class by the age of reaching a live weight of 100 kg. This indicator in the animals of the experimental group ranges from 167 to 188 days. It was established that the number of samples of the longest back muscle of high quality according to the indicator “moisture retention capacity” is 12.0 %, “fat content” – 16.0%, “tenderness” – 12% and “color intensity” – 16%. A high level of phenotypic consolidation was established in the animals of the II experimental group (the age of reaching a live weight of 100 kg is 177–188 days) according to the content of total moisture (K1 = +0.458, K2 = +0.456), air-dry matter (K1 = +0.492, K2 = +0.500), ash (K1 = +0.527, K2 = +0.534), fat (K1 = +0.559, K2 = +0.518) and calcium (K1 = +0.385, K2 = +0.415). Reliable correlations were established between the following pairs of traits: moisture-holding capacity × protein content (r = -0.484, tr = 2.65), age at which live weight reached 100 kg × calcium (Ca) content (r = -0.392, tr = 2,15), age of reaching a live weight of 100 kg × moisture retention capacity (r = +0.447, tr = 2.40), age of reaching a live weight of 100 kg × loss during heat treatment (r = -0.390, tr = 2.14). This indicates the effectiveness of using the indicator “age of reaching 100 kg live weight, days” for early prediction of calcium (Ca), moisture retention capacity, and loss of muscle tissue during heat treatment in young pigs of the large white breed.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48702964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Now a lot of attention is paid to the safety and quality of food products. Milk and dairy products are in significant demand among the population and occupy a significant segment in the variety of human food. The content of fat and protein characterize the quality of milk and are of great importance. The cost of raw materials, therefore, the farmer's profit, depends on these indicators. It is impossible to produce a high-quality product from hazardous raw materials. Cattle udder health is an important factor in animal welfare and dairy farm economics. The purpose of the research was to analyze data characterizing the health of dairy cows and milk quality indicators (fat and protein content depending on the month of the year). Collected milk from cows of the farm “Yekaterinoslavsky”, Dnipro city, was studied. Average indicators of fat and protein content per month during 2021 and 2022 are presented. Farm data were analyzed: the proportion of new cases of mastitis in dairy cows per month for 2021 and 2022. The lowest content of fat (3.47–3.65 %) and protein (3.26–3.41 %) in the cow milk is observed in the summer, which is due to the largest amount of milk obtained from cows during this period. It is accepted that the dairy herd is healthy if the proportion of cows with mastitis does not exceed 4 %. This indicator was exceeded only once – in June 2022 (4.45 %). In 2021, the highest rates of mastitis cases were observed in January and December – 2.96 and 3.05 %, respectively. The smallest share of new cases of mastitis was noted in September and November – 1.52 and 0.97 %, respectively. Perhaps this is connected with the mass launch of cows and the dry period. In 2022, the dairy herd increased by more than 100 cows, and the proportion of new cases of mastitis increased. The highest rates of mastitis cases in 2022 were observed in June and July – 4.45 and 3.84 %, respectively. The lowest proportion of new cases of mastitis was noted in August and November – 2.72 and 2.54 %, respectively. In general, the dairy herd of the dairy complex is safe from mastitis, the share of this disease is less than 4 %.
{"title":"Health of the dairy herd and indicators of milk quality","authors":"N. V. Zazharska","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet11016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet11016","url":null,"abstract":"Now a lot of attention is paid to the safety and quality of food products. Milk and dairy products are in significant demand among the population and occupy a significant segment in the variety of human food. The content of fat and protein characterize the quality of milk and are of great importance. The cost of raw materials, therefore, the farmer's profit, depends on these indicators. It is impossible to produce a high-quality product from hazardous raw materials. Cattle udder health is an important factor in animal welfare and dairy farm economics. The purpose of the research was to analyze data characterizing the health of dairy cows and milk quality indicators (fat and protein content depending on the month of the year). Collected milk from cows of the farm “Yekaterinoslavsky”, Dnipro city, was studied. Average indicators of fat and protein content per month during 2021 and 2022 are presented. Farm data were analyzed: the proportion of new cases of mastitis in dairy cows per month for 2021 and 2022. The lowest content of fat (3.47–3.65 %) and protein (3.26–3.41 %) in the cow milk is observed in the summer, which is due to the largest amount of milk obtained from cows during this period. It is accepted that the dairy herd is healthy if the proportion of cows with mastitis does not exceed 4 %. This indicator was exceeded only once – in June 2022 (4.45 %). In 2021, the highest rates of mastitis cases were observed in January and December – 2.96 and 3.05 %, respectively. The smallest share of new cases of mastitis was noted in September and November – 1.52 and 0.97 %, respectively. Perhaps this is connected with the mass launch of cows and the dry period. In 2022, the dairy herd increased by more than 100 cows, and the proportion of new cases of mastitis increased. The highest rates of mastitis cases in 2022 were observed in June and July – 4.45 and 3.84 %, respectively. The lowest proportion of new cases of mastitis was noted in August and November – 2.72 and 2.54 %, respectively. In general, the dairy herd of the dairy complex is safe from mastitis, the share of this disease is less than 4 %.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43459806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using publicly available information from the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection on the cases of African swine fever in Ukraine, the epidemiological situation regarding ASF in the Sumy region was analyzed, taking into account the consequences of military activities. When considering the ways of spreading the virus, the impact of the armed aggression of the Russian Federation on the main risk factors for the spread of the disease was revealed. In our opinion, wild boars, the number of which has increased by 19.3 % in the region over the past year and which is not regulated by hunters due to the hunting ban, remain a particularly dangerous way of spreading the virus. Hostilities, shelling and the movement of military equipment through the ASF-affected regions directly affect the migration processes of disturbed wildlife, which can quickly spread the virus over long distances, spread it within the population and transmit it to the domestic livestock. An important anthropogenic factor in the spread of the disease is the chaotic contamination of military base areas with unprocessed food residues that may contain a viable virus and, together with other fomites, contaminate the environment. Therefore, state anti-epizootic measures and methods of monitoring infectious diseases should be updated to reflect the realities of today. To control the circulation of the ASF virus among wildlife in the Sumy region under the conditions of a ban on monitoring culling, 25 samples of swabs, feed residues and feces from the feeding grounds of three forestries were studied using Real-Time PCR. In 100 % of the samples, no African swine fever virus DNA was detected, which means a negative result. However, the probable absence of the disease within the studied forestries did not prevent the region from having three outbreaks of ASF among domestic animals during 2022, which is a significant deterioration in the epizootic situation compared to the positive case-free year of 2021. Thus, the epidemiological situation regarding African swine fever in the Sumy region remains unfavorable and requires significant attention due to a number of factors that are dangerous and atypical for peacetime and may significantly affect the spread of numerous infectious diseases.
{"title":"The effect of military activities on the epizootic situation of ASF in the Sumy region","authors":"Yevhen Dudnyk, T. Fotina","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet11013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet11013","url":null,"abstract":"Using publicly available information from the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection on the cases of African swine fever in Ukraine, the epidemiological situation regarding ASF in the Sumy region was analyzed, taking into account the consequences of military activities. When considering the ways of spreading the virus, the impact of the armed aggression of the Russian Federation on the main risk factors for the spread of the disease was revealed. In our opinion, wild boars, the number of which has increased by 19.3 % in the region over the past year and which is not regulated by hunters due to the hunting ban, remain a particularly dangerous way of spreading the virus. Hostilities, shelling and the movement of military equipment through the ASF-affected regions directly affect the migration processes of disturbed wildlife, which can quickly spread the virus over long distances, spread it within the population and transmit it to the domestic livestock. An important anthropogenic factor in the spread of the disease is the chaotic contamination of military base areas with unprocessed food residues that may contain a viable virus and, together with other fomites, contaminate the environment. Therefore, state anti-epizootic measures and methods of monitoring infectious diseases should be updated to reflect the realities of today. To control the circulation of the ASF virus among wildlife in the Sumy region under the conditions of a ban on monitoring culling, 25 samples of swabs, feed residues and feces from the feeding grounds of three forestries were studied using Real-Time PCR. In 100 % of the samples, no African swine fever virus DNA was detected, which means a negative result. However, the probable absence of the disease within the studied forestries did not prevent the region from having three outbreaks of ASF among domestic animals during 2022, which is a significant deterioration in the epizootic situation compared to the positive case-free year of 2021. Thus, the epidemiological situation regarding African swine fever in the Sumy region remains unfavorable and requires significant attention due to a number of factors that are dangerous and atypical for peacetime and may significantly affect the spread of numerous infectious diseases.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44527465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Epizootiological monitoring studies on parasitoses of domestic ruminants indicate that one of the most common causes of nematodes of the digestive tract in large and small cattle are helminths of the genus Trichuris. Those helminths develop directly – without intermediate hosts, and their embryonic stages became invasive in the environment under favorable conditions. The eggs of those parasites are incredibly resistant and can be infective for a long time contaminating environmental objects. So, to improve the parasitological situation in livestock farms, we have to look for the most effective methods of disinfestation of environmental objects. This study aimed to establish the ovicidal effect of the modern disinfectant “Arquadez-plus” on eggs of nematodes Trichuris skrjabini parasitizing sheep. This product's high level of ovicidal efficiency was seen in experimental cultures of nematodes' eggs at 1.5 % concentration and 60 min exposure (94.2 %) and 2.0 % concentration and 10–60 min exposure (98.3–100.0 %). The ovicidal effect of “Arquadez-plus” on eggs of T. skrjabini was seen as a cessation of development; shrinking embryo plugs destruction, the release of underdeveloped larvae from eggs, and their death. During the use of this disinfectant, the changes in morphometric data of Trichuris eggs in test cultures were noticeable. At the most effective disinfectant concentrations and exposures, the dimensions of eggs were changed significantly: length smaller by 3.8–3.9 % (71.9–72.0 μm) and width more significant by 5.0–5.2 % (34.9–35.0 μm) as compared to those parameters in control (74.8 and 33.2 μm). This is evidence of the violations in nematodes' egg development. The data obtained allow us to recommend the disinfectant of domestic production, “Arquadez-plus”, for effectively controlling and preventing trichurosis in sheep on livestock farms.
{"title":"Ovicidal effect of the modern disinfectant on exogenous stages of development of nematodes Trichuris skrjabini","authors":"M. Petrenko, V. Kharchenko","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet11005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet11005","url":null,"abstract":"Epizootiological monitoring studies on parasitoses of domestic ruminants indicate that one of the most common causes of nematodes of the digestive tract in large and small cattle are helminths of the genus Trichuris. Those helminths develop directly – without intermediate hosts, and their embryonic stages became invasive in the environment under favorable conditions. The eggs of those parasites are incredibly resistant and can be infective for a long time contaminating environmental objects. So, to improve the parasitological situation in livestock farms, we have to look for the most effective methods of disinfestation of environmental objects. This study aimed to establish the ovicidal effect of the modern disinfectant “Arquadez-plus” on eggs of nematodes Trichuris skrjabini parasitizing sheep. This product's high level of ovicidal efficiency was seen in experimental cultures of nematodes' eggs at 1.5 % concentration and 60 min exposure (94.2 %) and 2.0 % concentration and 10–60 min exposure (98.3–100.0 %). The ovicidal effect of “Arquadez-plus” on eggs of T. skrjabini was seen as a cessation of development; shrinking embryo plugs destruction, the release of underdeveloped larvae from eggs, and their death. During the use of this disinfectant, the changes in morphometric data of Trichuris eggs in test cultures were noticeable. At the most effective disinfectant concentrations and exposures, the dimensions of eggs were changed significantly: length smaller by 3.8–3.9 % (71.9–72.0 μm) and width more significant by 5.0–5.2 % (34.9–35.0 μm) as compared to those parameters in control (74.8 and 33.2 μm). This is evidence of the violations in nematodes' egg development. The data obtained allow us to recommend the disinfectant of domestic production, “Arquadez-plus”, for effectively controlling and preventing trichurosis in sheep on livestock farms.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44531962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. R. Grebenyuk, O. Denisova, I. O. Zhukova, O. Bobrytska, L. Vodopianova, N. I. Hladka, T. I. Yakymenko, V. O. Prykhodchenko
Diseases of the urinary system of various etiologies are common in all species of animals and over time, they can lead to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) as the progressive process in which renal function gradually decreases over several years. In modern veterinary medicine, there is a problem of a steeply increase in cases of chronic kidney disease in cats. Pathology occurs most often in aged animals, but recent studies have registered cases of chronic renal dysfunction in young ones as well. In chronic kidney disease the kidneys do not work well for a long time, causing a number of changes in the body. Unfortunately, early symptoms are often missed by pet owners and the disease is not noticed for a long time. In most cases, the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease is established only when effective treatment is no longer possible or ineffective and treatment is able to maintain the homeostasis of the body only to a certain extent and for a short time. Undoubtedly, this approach to the diagnosis and treatment of kidney disease requires changes. In view of the fact that the duration of the preclinical stage of CKD can reach several years, the goals of our study were to show the benefits of early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease in cats and the introduction of a new concept of systematic body screening of clinically healthy animals and animals at risk. Also, the goals were to delay the moment of the kidneys compensatory reserve exhaustion and onset of clinical symptoms, which require constant symptomatic and replacement therapy. Reducing the percentage of early mortality of patients and the maximum possible increase in the duration of the preclinical stage of renal pathology were also aimed at. Efforts were also aimed at reducing the percentage of early mortality of patients and the maximum possible increase in the duration of the preclinical stage of renal pathology. Since nephroprotective therapy at the preclinical stage is highly effective in most clinical cases and allows to significantly slow down the progression of any chronic nephropathy, including CKD, there is a need for the formation of innovative diagnostic approaches at the early stages of the disease. It is proposed to conduct a cumulative assessment of the anamnesis in animals from risk groups, monitoring the level of creatinine in the blood serum, complete clinical analysis of urine, ultrasound examination of the kidneys, measurement of protein concentration, since these indicators have not only prognostic value and determine the tactics of treatment, but are also important factors pathogenesis of CKD. Since each parameter will not provide a complete state of the disease, since none of them is 100 % specific, an integrated approach to the early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease is needed for. It is necessary to take into account all the methods listed above, as well as monitoring the condition of the body of animals that have contracted any viral or bacterial inf
{"title":"Reasoning for obligatory preclinical diagnostics of feline chronic kidney disease","authors":"K. R. Grebenyuk, O. Denisova, I. O. Zhukova, O. Bobrytska, L. Vodopianova, N. I. Hladka, T. I. Yakymenko, V. O. Prykhodchenko","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet11012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet11012","url":null,"abstract":"Diseases of the urinary system of various etiologies are common in all species of animals and over time, they can lead to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) as the progressive process in which renal function gradually decreases over several years. In modern veterinary medicine, there is a problem of a steeply increase in cases of chronic kidney disease in cats. Pathology occurs most often in aged animals, but recent studies have registered cases of chronic renal dysfunction in young ones as well. In chronic kidney disease the kidneys do not work well for a long time, causing a number of changes in the body. Unfortunately, early symptoms are often missed by pet owners and the disease is not noticed for a long time. In most cases, the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease is established only when effective treatment is no longer possible or ineffective and treatment is able to maintain the homeostasis of the body only to a certain extent and for a short time. Undoubtedly, this approach to the diagnosis and treatment of kidney disease requires changes. In view of the fact that the duration of the preclinical stage of CKD can reach several years, the goals of our study were to show the benefits of early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease in cats and the introduction of a new concept of systematic body screening of clinically healthy animals and animals at risk. Also, the goals were to delay the moment of the kidneys compensatory reserve exhaustion and onset of clinical symptoms, which require constant symptomatic and replacement therapy. Reducing the percentage of early mortality of patients and the maximum possible increase in the duration of the preclinical stage of renal pathology were also aimed at. Efforts were also aimed at reducing the percentage of early mortality of patients and the maximum possible increase in the duration of the preclinical stage of renal pathology. Since nephroprotective therapy at the preclinical stage is highly effective in most clinical cases and allows to significantly slow down the progression of any chronic nephropathy, including CKD, there is a need for the formation of innovative diagnostic approaches at the early stages of the disease. It is proposed to conduct a cumulative assessment of the anamnesis in animals from risk groups, monitoring the level of creatinine in the blood serum, complete clinical analysis of urine, ultrasound examination of the kidneys, measurement of protein concentration, since these indicators have not only prognostic value and determine the tactics of treatment, but are also important factors pathogenesis of CKD. Since each parameter will not provide a complete state of the disease, since none of them is 100 % specific, an integrated approach to the early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease is needed for. It is necessary to take into account all the methods listed above, as well as monitoring the condition of the body of animals that have contracted any viral or bacterial inf","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44328003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Kibkalo, O. Tymoshenko, O. Siehodin, O. Tsymerman, O. Matsenko
The results of studying the influence of structural changes in the kidneys on their filtration in cats with polycystic kidney disease are given. The study was conducted on 10 domestic cats, which were divided into two experimental groups based on the results of creatinine determination according to the IRIS (International Renal Interest Society) classification – 5 animals with moderate renal azotemia (group 1) and 5 animals with severe renal azotemia (group 2). Ultrasound examination of the kidneys of cats in both groups was performed using a Mindray device with a microconvection transducer with a frequency of 7.5–10 MHz in B-mode. Both kidneys were examined in each animal. Scanning was performed in the sagittal plane so that the kidney gate was visible. The length, width of the kidney, and thickness of the cortical layer, as well as the number of cysts and their diameter, were counted. The renal area (RA), cyst area (CA), and the ratio of cyst area to renal area (RA/Cyst) were calculated. According to the results of the study of serum creatinine and urea content, the animals were divided into two groups depending on the level of azotemia. 5 cats with stage III chronic renal failure (CRF), serum creatinine levels were 326.40 ± 23.59 μmol/l, and 5 animals with stage IV chronic renal failure serum creatinine – 887.00 ± 61.81 µmol/l, which is 2.7 times higher (P ≤ 0.001) than the creatinine level in cats with stage III CKD. The urea content in the serum was significantly increased compared to the norm and amounted to 22.82 ± 2.09 mol/l in cats with stage III CKD and 42.45 ± 1.05 mol/l in cats with stage IV CKD, which was 2.2 times higher (P ≤ 0.01) compared to stage III. In animals with polycystic kidney disease and stage IV chronic renal failure according to the results of ultrasound examination an increase in the length of the kidney by 6.5 mm (p≤0.001) and a thickening of the cortical layer by 0.8 mm (P ≤ 0.01) was revealed, compared to animals with polycystic kidney disease and stage III chronic renal failure. There was no correlation between the area of cysts in the kidneys and the level of creatinine in the blood serum of animals. Ultrasound signs of chronic renal failure in cats of stage III are enlargement of the kidney in the length of more than 51 mm and cortical thickness of more than 5.5 mm, of stage IV is an increase in kidney length of more than 59 mm and cortical thickness of more than 6.0 mm. According to the results of ultrasonography, the number of cysts or their area cannot be used to assess the degree of renal functional failure.
{"title":"Relationship between kidney ultrasound data and blood creatinine and urea levels in cats with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease","authors":"D. Kibkalo, O. Tymoshenko, O. Siehodin, O. Tsymerman, O. Matsenko","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet11019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet11019","url":null,"abstract":"The results of studying the influence of structural changes in the kidneys on their filtration in cats with polycystic kidney disease are given. The study was conducted on 10 domestic cats, which were divided into two experimental groups based on the results of creatinine determination according to the IRIS (International Renal Interest Society) classification – 5 animals with moderate renal azotemia (group 1) and 5 animals with severe renal azotemia (group 2). Ultrasound examination of the kidneys of cats in both groups was performed using a Mindray device with a microconvection transducer with a frequency of 7.5–10 MHz in B-mode. Both kidneys were examined in each animal. Scanning was performed in the sagittal plane so that the kidney gate was visible. The length, width of the kidney, and thickness of the cortical layer, as well as the number of cysts and their diameter, were counted. The renal area (RA), cyst area (CA), and the ratio of cyst area to renal area (RA/Cyst) were calculated. According to the results of the study of serum creatinine and urea content, the animals were divided into two groups depending on the level of azotemia. 5 cats with stage III chronic renal failure (CRF), serum creatinine levels were 326.40 ± 23.59 μmol/l, and 5 animals with stage IV chronic renal failure serum creatinine – 887.00 ± 61.81 µmol/l, which is 2.7 times higher (P ≤ 0.001) than the creatinine level in cats with stage III CKD. The urea content in the serum was significantly increased compared to the norm and amounted to 22.82 ± 2.09 mol/l in cats with stage III CKD and 42.45 ± 1.05 mol/l in cats with stage IV CKD, which was 2.2 times higher (P ≤ 0.01) compared to stage III. In animals with polycystic kidney disease and stage IV chronic renal failure according to the results of ultrasound examination an increase in the length of the kidney by 6.5 mm (p≤0.001) and a thickening of the cortical layer by 0.8 mm (P ≤ 0.01) was revealed, compared to animals with polycystic kidney disease and stage III chronic renal failure. There was no correlation between the area of cysts in the kidneys and the level of creatinine in the blood serum of animals. Ultrasound signs of chronic renal failure in cats of stage III are enlargement of the kidney in the length of more than 51 mm and cortical thickness of more than 5.5 mm, of stage IV is an increase in kidney length of more than 59 mm and cortical thickness of more than 6.0 mm. According to the results of ultrasonography, the number of cysts or their area cannot be used to assess the degree of renal functional failure.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44496183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Gutyj, T. Martyshuk, V. Khalak, M. A. Zezekalo, O. Omelchenko, V. Todoriuk, P. S. Khymynets, L. V. Vyslotska, U. Vus, V. Prysiazhniuk
In the development of adaptive reactions during weaning, biological mechanisms are involved with the complete mobilization of the functional reserve, an increase in the level of catecholamines, corticosteroids, and mediators, which is accompanied by a violation of the nitrogen balance in the body, enzymopathy, and endotoxemia—the work aimed to investigate humoral and non-specific immunity indicators in piglets after weaning. Experiments were conducted based on the Ltd “KOSHET” of the Mukachiv district of the Zakarpattia region. Two groups of piglets were formed – control and experimental in the number of 10 individuals in each group, selected according to the principle of analogs – age, breed, and body weight. Weaning piglets from sows at 28 days suppress the humoral link of natural resistance. A decrease in lysocin and bactericidal activity of blood serum was established at 40.56 ± 1.75 and 21.22 ± 1.05 %. The content of circulating immune complexes in the blood of piglets of the control group remained high after weaning. Along with a decrease in the activity of the humoral link of immunity in weaned piglets, suppression of the non-specific link of the immune system was established, manifested by a decrease in phagocytic activity and a decrease in the number of phagocytes. Feeding the feed supplement “Sylimevit” to the piglets of the research group helped to strengthen the immune status of the piglets' bodies. In piglets of the research group on the 35th day of life, when feeding the feed additive “Sylimevit”, an increase in the phagocytic activity of neutrophils by 4.26 % was established. Similar differences were obtained regarding the effect of the Butaselmevit-plus feed additive on the phagocytic number and the phagocytic index, in particular, in piglets of the experimental group on the 35th day of the experiment; they were 7.63 and 11.1 % higher than in control. These research results confirm the effectiveness of using milk thistle, methifen, selenium, and vitamins as part of the feed supplement “Sylimevit” for piglets before and after weaning to activate the protective systems of their body.
{"title":"The influence of feed additive “Sylimevit” on indicators of the immune system of piglets at weaning","authors":"B. Gutyj, T. Martyshuk, V. Khalak, M. A. Zezekalo, O. Omelchenko, V. Todoriuk, P. S. Khymynets, L. V. Vyslotska, U. Vus, V. Prysiazhniuk","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet11017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet11017","url":null,"abstract":"In the development of adaptive reactions during weaning, biological mechanisms are involved with the complete mobilization of the functional reserve, an increase in the level of catecholamines, corticosteroids, and mediators, which is accompanied by a violation of the nitrogen balance in the body, enzymopathy, and endotoxemia—the work aimed to investigate humoral and non-specific immunity indicators in piglets after weaning. Experiments were conducted based on the Ltd “KOSHET” of the Mukachiv district of the Zakarpattia region. Two groups of piglets were formed – control and experimental in the number of 10 individuals in each group, selected according to the principle of analogs – age, breed, and body weight. Weaning piglets from sows at 28 days suppress the humoral link of natural resistance. A decrease in lysocin and bactericidal activity of blood serum was established at 40.56 ± 1.75 and 21.22 ± 1.05 %. The content of circulating immune complexes in the blood of piglets of the control group remained high after weaning. Along with a decrease in the activity of the humoral link of immunity in weaned piglets, suppression of the non-specific link of the immune system was established, manifested by a decrease in phagocytic activity and a decrease in the number of phagocytes. Feeding the feed supplement “Sylimevit” to the piglets of the research group helped to strengthen the immune status of the piglets' bodies. In piglets of the research group on the 35th day of life, when feeding the feed additive “Sylimevit”, an increase in the phagocytic activity of neutrophils by 4.26 % was established. Similar differences were obtained regarding the effect of the Butaselmevit-plus feed additive on the phagocytic number and the phagocytic index, in particular, in piglets of the experimental group on the 35th day of the experiment; they were 7.63 and 11.1 % higher than in control. These research results confirm the effectiveness of using milk thistle, methifen, selenium, and vitamins as part of the feed supplement “Sylimevit” for piglets before and after weaning to activate the protective systems of their body.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48885008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Gutyj, R. Voloshyn, V. Stybel, B. Verveha, R. Sachuk, I. S. Starostenko, R. Mylostyvyi, V. Kushnir, I. Mazur, I. Khariv, Y. I. Turko, V. Khalak, V. R. Magrelo
The immune system plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's homeostasis, determining the state of health of animals and their ability to adapt. The work aimed to investigate the effect of a feed additive based on milk thistle fruits, selenium, metiphene, and vitamins A, E, and C on rats' immune status under experimental tetrachloromethane poisoning conditions. The study was conducted on young white male Wistar laboratory rats. Intragastric administration of tetrachloromethane twice (with an interval of 48 hours) in a dose of 0.1 ml per 100 g of body weight in a 50 % oil solution was used for the experimental intoxication of rats. The animals of the second experimental group were fed the feed additive “Sylimevit” for 30 days together with feed at a dose of 0.1 g per 100 g of body weight. The introduction of tetrachloromethane in experimental groups of rats led to the development of oxidative stress, which occurs due to specific chemical processes in the body of experimental animals. It was found that the development of oxidative stress caused by tetrachloromethane leads to suppression of the humoral and nonspecific link of the immune system of rats. This is manifested in a decrease in the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of the blood serum, a decrease in the phagocytic index, and the phagocytic activity of neutrophils. In addition, an increase in the number of circulating immune complexes was observed. It was also established that feeding the feed additive “Sylimevit” strengthens the immune defense of the body of rats poisoned with tetrachloromethane. This feed additive helps to strengthen the body's defense mechanisms, increasing the immune response and helping to resist the toxic effects of tetrachloromethane.
{"title":"The state of the immune system of rats under conditions of oxidative stress and the influence of the feed additive “Sylimevit”","authors":"B. Gutyj, R. Voloshyn, V. Stybel, B. Verveha, R. Sachuk, I. S. Starostenko, R. Mylostyvyi, V. Kushnir, I. Mazur, I. Khariv, Y. I. Turko, V. Khalak, V. R. Magrelo","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet11022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet11022","url":null,"abstract":"The immune system plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's homeostasis, determining the state of health of animals and their ability to adapt. The work aimed to investigate the effect of a feed additive based on milk thistle fruits, selenium, metiphene, and vitamins A, E, and C on rats' immune status under experimental tetrachloromethane poisoning conditions. The study was conducted on young white male Wistar laboratory rats. Intragastric administration of tetrachloromethane twice (with an interval of 48 hours) in a dose of 0.1 ml per 100 g of body weight in a 50 % oil solution was used for the experimental intoxication of rats. The animals of the second experimental group were fed the feed additive “Sylimevit” for 30 days together with feed at a dose of 0.1 g per 100 g of body weight. The introduction of tetrachloromethane in experimental groups of rats led to the development of oxidative stress, which occurs due to specific chemical processes in the body of experimental animals. It was found that the development of oxidative stress caused by tetrachloromethane leads to suppression of the humoral and nonspecific link of the immune system of rats. This is manifested in a decrease in the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of the blood serum, a decrease in the phagocytic index, and the phagocytic activity of neutrophils. In addition, an increase in the number of circulating immune complexes was observed. It was also established that feeding the feed additive “Sylimevit” strengthens the immune defense of the body of rats poisoned with tetrachloromethane. This feed additive helps to strengthen the body's defense mechanisms, increasing the immune response and helping to resist the toxic effects of tetrachloromethane.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44292556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prevention of infectious diseases in cats is a guarantee of their health. It is important to carry out routine annual vaccination in cats to maintain a stable titer of antibodies in the cat's blood. However, due to the injection of vaccines into the same part of the body every time, the risk of such a dangerous malignant tumor in the area of injection as post-vaccination sarcoma increases. This pathology occurs in every 13–16th vaccinated cat per 10 thousand heads. The article describes a clinical case of post-vaccination sarcoma in cat. A comprehensive examination of the sick animal was carried out using various diagnostic methods. Clinical and ultrasonographic methods of visual diagnosis, hematological studies of blood and cytological studies of punctate from the tumor, as well as histological examination of the neoplasm after surgical removal of the tumor were used. It has been established that post-vaccination sarcoma looks like a diffuse, non-painful, non-hot swelling that is localized in the subcutaneous tissue. Ultrasonographically, the tumor has a heterogeneous structure and central-type vascularization with infiltrative growth. Hematological indicators of blood in a sick cat are characterized by reactive leukocytosis with a shift of the nucleus to the left and an increase in the sedimentation rate of erythrocytes up to 15 mm/h. While on the 10th day after surgical removal, these indicators decrease to normal. Cytological examination of the neoplasm showed the presence of atypical giant multinucleated cells with polymorphic nuclei in which a large number of mitoses and lymphoid cells occur. Histological changes in the tumor are represented by spindle-shaped tumor cells with strongly expressed atypism and pathological forms of mitosis in tumor cells. The stroma of the tumor is permeated with blood vessels, which indicates the progressive aggressive growth of the neoplasm.
{"title":"Clinical and pathomorphological changes in a cat during the course of post-vaccination sarcoma","authors":"Y. Kisera, M. Zhyla, Y. Martyniv, V. I. Chuliuk","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet11020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet11020","url":null,"abstract":"Prevention of infectious diseases in cats is a guarantee of their health. It is important to carry out routine annual vaccination in cats to maintain a stable titer of antibodies in the cat's blood. However, due to the injection of vaccines into the same part of the body every time, the risk of such a dangerous malignant tumor in the area of injection as post-vaccination sarcoma increases. This pathology occurs in every 13–16th vaccinated cat per 10 thousand heads. The article describes a clinical case of post-vaccination sarcoma in cat. A comprehensive examination of the sick animal was carried out using various diagnostic methods. Clinical and ultrasonographic methods of visual diagnosis, hematological studies of blood and cytological studies of punctate from the tumor, as well as histological examination of the neoplasm after surgical removal of the tumor were used. It has been established that post-vaccination sarcoma looks like a diffuse, non-painful, non-hot swelling that is localized in the subcutaneous tissue. Ultrasonographically, the tumor has a heterogeneous structure and central-type vascularization with infiltrative growth. Hematological indicators of blood in a sick cat are characterized by reactive leukocytosis with a shift of the nucleus to the left and an increase in the sedimentation rate of erythrocytes up to 15 mm/h. While on the 10th day after surgical removal, these indicators decrease to normal. Cytological examination of the neoplasm showed the presence of atypical giant multinucleated cells with polymorphic nuclei in which a large number of mitoses and lymphoid cells occur. Histological changes in the tumor are represented by spindle-shaped tumor cells with strongly expressed atypism and pathological forms of mitosis in tumor cells. The stroma of the tumor is permeated with blood vessels, which indicates the progressive aggressive growth of the neoplasm.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46725926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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