Aspetti geografici del confronto fra sapere esperto e contestuale: un’analisi regionale nei paesaggi del “degrado”

Negli ultimi decenni la partecipazione attiva degli abitanti per l’interpretazione, la gestione e la pianificazione del paesaggio ha assunto un ruolo sempre più rilevante, grazie agli indirizzi proposti dalla Convenzione europea del paesaggio che individua l’esperienza e il sentire delle popolazioni come una fondamentale fonte informativa. Nonostante le difficoltà implicite nella valorizzazione di una simile fonte, il confronto tra il sapere contestuale ed esperto può favorire l’elaborazione di nuove conoscenze, a patto che si possano confrontare le informazioni e mettere in effettiva e fruttuosa comunicazione i due saperi. During the last decades, the active participation of the inhabitants in the interpretation, management and planning of landscape has assumed an increasingly important role, thanks to the challenges and understandings provided by the European Landscape Convention which advocated the participation and enhanced the role of the populations as fundamental sources of information. Despite the difficulties linked to the valorization of such assets, the comparison between expert and public views can favour the production of new knowledge as long as these information and sources could be compared and connected through fruitful approaches. The present contribution finds his roots in the development of Friuli Venezia Giulia Regional Landscape Plan and, adopting a participatory approach, tried to investigate the perceived landscapes of risk and degradation. The focus is on three categories of areas and sites perceived as degraded, specifically those resulting from the massive presence of abandonment former military areas, hydrogeological problems and, finally, quarry activities. After presenting the most relevant aspects and the results of the geo-cartographic analysis, the limits and opportunities of the research are highlighted. On the one hand, similarly to other participatory projects, the analysis presents problems in terms of quality and territorial coverage, on the other hand, it offers reflections on the possible synergies between local and expert knowledge.