老年人与数字文化中的虚拟身份建构

Ondřej Roubal
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摘要

本研究围绕数字技术、人口老龄化和身份之间的关系,探讨了一些理论问题。同时,提出了老年人在社会数字文化中的社会包容指标的概念性建议,作为进一步实证研究的潜在起点。在许多经济和技术先进的社会中,老年人比例不断增加的趋势是一个人口现实。人口老龄化引发了一些经济、社会政治、医疗、文化、社会和心理问题。老年人积极参与数字文化环境,并利用信息和通信技术作为构建和肯定自身身份的社会互动的另一种来源,这是最重要且经常被忽视的一系列问题之一。衰老通常伴随着职业活动的自然减少、健康状况变差、体育活动减少、社会接触减少,有时还伴随着孤立和孤独。老年人积极参与数字交流和虚拟互动的环境,可以在一定程度上缓冲这些负面因素,为满足社会关系、自我实现和身份肯定的需求提供了充分的选择。当然,数字文化确实具有矛盾的特征。一方面,现实和虚拟的社会互动对社会生活、主观体验和自我身份意识产生了明显的积极影响。另一方面,数字化生活也带来了看不见的风险,它加快了生活节奏,使生活肤浅化,加剧了社会不平等。
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Older People and the Construction of Virtual Identities in the Digital Culture
This research study addresses certain theoretical issues surrounding the relationship between digital technologies, the aging population, and identity. At the same time, it offers a conceptual proposal of indicators of the social inclusion of older people in the digital culture of society as a potential starting point for further empirical research. The progressive trend of a growing proportion of older people is a demographic reality in many economically and technologically advanced societies. This demographic aging of populations raises several economic, sociopolitical, medical, cultural, social, and psychological issues. One of the most important and oft-overlooked sets of issues is the active participation of older people in the digital culture environment and the use of information and communication technologies as an alternative source of social interaction in constructing and affirming their own identity. Aging is often associated with a natural decline in professional activity, poorer health, reduced physical activity, reduced social contacts, and sometimes isolation and loneliness. The active participation of older people in the digital environment of communication and virtual interactions can buffer these negative factors to a certain extent and offer an adequate alternative for fulfilling the need for social relationships, self-actualization, and affirmation of identity. Of course, digital culture does have an ambivalent character. On the one hand, there are obvious positive effects on social life, subjective experience, and consciousness of one's own identity derived from real and virtual social interactions. On the other hand, digitalizing life generates unseen risks in invading an accelerated pace of life, superficiality, and the deepening of social inequalities.
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