DESIGN AND EXPERIMENT ON THE SINGLE-DITCH AND DOUBLE-ROW OPENER FOR NARROW ROW FLAT SEEDER

In order to improve the opener of the seeder and its lightweight structure, a new type of opener is designed. The overall structure and working principle of a single-ditch double-row opener are analyzed, and the structural parameters of machete cutting soil and the soil guide board are designed and optimized. Using the penetration angle of machete cutting soil and the included angle of the soil guide board as test factors, field experiments were conducted. As the test indexes, the working resistance, the sowing coefficient of variation, and the depth coefficient of variation were used to analyze the effect of the opener. The results showed that in terms of working resistance, the penetration angle of the machete cutting edge and the included angle of the soil guide board were extremely significant, and the included angle was greater than the penetration angle regarding the influence degree. In terms of the sowing coefficient of variation, the penetration angle was significant, and the included angle was extremely significant. Regarding the depth coefficient of variation, the penetration angle was extremely significant, and the included angle of the guide soil board was significant. Based on the optimization analysis by using the Design Expert 8.0.6, it is found that the performance of the opener is optimal when the penetration angle and the included angle are 50.03° and 42.36°, respectively. The working resistance, the sowing coefficient of variation, and the depth coefficient of variation are 61.47N, 6.49% and 4.22%, respectively. After verification, the results are basically consistent, and the seeding and trenching performance meets the agronomic requirements. This study can provide a basis and technical reference for the design and development of the ditching technology and opener.