基于连通性和潜在保水能力平衡的旱地生态水文功能表征新方法

IF 2.3 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 WATER RESOURCES Journal Of Hydrology And Hydromechanics Pub Date : 2023-05-14 DOI:10.2478/johh-2023-0012
B. Rodríguez-Lozano, J. Martínez-Sánchez, Jaime Maza-Maza, Y. Cantón, E. Rodríguez‐Caballero
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引用次数: 2

摘要

摘要旱地是生态水文耦合的生态系统,其功能取决于径流源区之间的水文连通性与植被保持水通量和相关资源的能力之间的相互作用。在这项研究中,我们提出了一种新的易于应用的方法,用于旱地生态系统功能的生态水文表征,该方法基于这两个相互关联的过程之间的平衡,使用易于获得的遥感数据(如UAV和SENTINEL-2图像),即BalanCR方法(连通性和潜在保水能力之间的平衡)。该方法首先在代表旱地植被斑块和异质分布不同配置的合成山坡上进行了测试。对这些涉及不同植被斑块密度、大小和覆盖率分数值的合成植被空间模式的分析表明,BalanCR正确地描述了径流连通性潜在条件与旱地植物保水之间的预期生态水文相互作用。在第二步中,我们以非常详细的空间分辨率(0.2米)和中等分辨率(10米),在地中海阿尔法草原覆盖的海拔干旱梯度上的四个半干旱山坡上应用了BalanCR方法。所获得的结果基于土壤湿度数据和植被绿化进行了验证,并清楚地认识到四个研究地点是功能性生态系统,水资源损失非常低,并且随着植被覆盖率的下降,水再分配过程呈增加模式。然而,方法的敏感性取决于输入数据(植被图和数字高程模型;DEM)的分辨率,并且小植被结构(小于像素大小的植被斑块)对水再分配的预期积极影响被低估了。即使在这种情况下,分析场地的功能和连通性也得到了正确的表征,因为生态系统在方法BalanC(水文连通性组成部分)和BalanR(潜在保水能力组成部分)中显示出的两个组成部分的值与在非常详细的尺度上获得的值相似,响应于干旱度的增加,具有相似的水分配值模式。因此,拟议的衡量标准是一个很有前途的工具,可以适当评估旱地条件,并将山坡过程纳入气候变化模型,这是更好地了解旱地对持续气候变化的反应的主要差距之一。
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New methodological approach to characterize dryland´s ecohydrological functionality on the basis of Balance between Connectivity and potential Water Retention Capacity (BalanCR)
Abstract Drylands are ecohydrologically-coupled ecosystems whose functioning depends on the interplay between hydrological connectivity between runoff source areas and the capacity of vegetation to retain water fluxes and associated resources. In this study we present a new easily applicable methodology for the ecohydrological characterization of dryland ecosystem functioning grounded in the balance between these two strongly interrelated processes using easily obtainable remote sensing data (e.g. UAV and SENTINEL-2 images), the BalanCR method (Balance between Connectivity and potential Water Retention Capacity). This methodology was first tested on synthetic hillslopes representing different configurations of the patchy and heterogenic distribution of vegetation in drylands. The analysis of these synthetic vegetation spatial patterns involving different vegetation patch densities, sizes, and fractional coverage values showed that BalanCR properly characterizes the expected ecohydrological interactions between potential conditions of runoff connectivity and water retention by plants operating in drylands. In a second step, we applied the BalanCR method on four semiarid hillslopes along an altitudinal aridity gradient covered by Mediterranean alpha steppes at very detailed spatial resolution (0.2 m) and at medium resolution (10 m). The obtained results were validated based on soil moisture data and vegetation greening and clearly recognized the four study sites as functional ecosystems, with very low water resource losses, and a pattern of increasing water redistribution processes as vegetation coverage declines. However, the sensitivity of methodology depends on the resolution of the input data (vegetation map and Digital Elevation Model; DEM), and the expected positive effect of small vegetation structures (vegetation patches smaller than the pixel size) on water redistribution is underestimated. Even in this case, the functionality and connectivity of the analyzed sites is correctly characterized as ecosystems showed similar values of both components for the methodology BalanC (hydrological connectivity component) and BalanR (potential water retention capacity component) than those obtained at very detailed scale, with a similar pattern of water allocation values in response to increased aridity. Thus, the proposed metric represents a promising tool for the proper evaluation of dryland conditions and to incorporate hillslope processes in climate change models, which is one of the main gaps to better understand the drylands response upon ongoing climate change.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
5.30%
发文量
30
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY AND HYDROMECHANICS is an international open access journal for the basic disciplines of water sciences. The scope of hydrology is limited to biohydrology, catchment hydrology and vadose zone hydrology, primarily of temperate zone. The hydromechanics covers theoretical, experimental and computational hydraulics and fluid mechanics in various fields, two- and multiphase flows, including non-Newtonian flow, and new frontiers in hydraulics. The journal is published quarterly in English. The types of contribution include: research and review articles, short communications and technical notes. The articles have been thoroughly peer reviewed by international specialists and promoted to researchers working in the same field.
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