Innovative isolation of colorant from Butea Monosperma for surface-modified silk dyeing

Recently, there has been a surge of interest in adopting natural dyes to avoid the environmental difficulties connected with the synthetic coloring compounds. This research focuses on extracting natural dyes from Butea Monosperma plants and on developing sustainable dyeing methods for silk fabric. Natural colorants were extracted using an aqueous and acidic extraction procedure, and the silk fabric was dyed with the extracts using mordanting with a variety of metal and bio mordants. The treatment of fabric and extracts were carried out using microwave irradiation. It was found that after irradiation up to 3 min, the acidic extract shown maximum color strength onto fabric. It was also observed that the acacia and pine-nut hull at 80 °C and before dyeing pomegranate extract at 80 °C and after dyeing of silk fabric at 40 °C using bio-mordants were higher color strength than metallic mordant. For comparative analysis Al salt at 40 °C, Iron salt at 60 °C and tannic acid (T.A.) at 80 °C were provided acceptable results. The color fastness characteristics were also found good to excellent. The bio-mordants not only provide the higher color strength and fastness properties, it was also an environmental friendly approaches. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses revealed the difference between irradiated and un-irradiated silk fabric. Therefore, it is recommended that MW rays and bio-mordants be used in the natural dyeing of silk fabric because of their deformability and non-toxicity, as well as their high color fastness and color strength properties.