Techniques in the synthesis of organometallic compounds of Hafnium

Abstract Hafnium is a transition metal and it is the 45th most abundant transition element present on the earth. Hafnium has been successfully alloyed with several metals including titanium, iron, and niobium. Hafnium complexes are less active olefin polymerization catalysts. In the current review synthesis of hafnium complexes involving bonding through different linkages like “carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon and oxygen, nitrogen and cobalt nitrogen and oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus, nitrogen and sulfur, phosphorus and carbon, phosphorus and oxygen, sulfur carbon and oxygen, carbon–nitrogen and oxygen, carbon–nitrogen and phosphorus, carbon–nitrogen oxygen, sulfur and phosphorus, carbon–oxygen phosphorus and nitrogen”. The commonly used solvents for the synthesis of Hafnium complexes are tetrahydrofuran, n-hexane, and toluene, etc. These complexes were mostly reported at different temperatures ranges from −35 to 110 °C with continuous stirring, according to the nature of ligands. An overview of techniques in the synthesis of Hafnium complexes through various routes has been compiled.