Application of Specific Energy In Open Channels To Various Forms Of Channel Constriction

Planning of water structures such as dams, irrigation canals, and other water structures requires a description of these buildings' hydraulic flow phenomenon. Each flow condition, moderate, and after passing through each building has its characteristics or tendencies. The aim of the study was to analyze the flow characteristics through several channel constrictions (sudden, transition, and radius) and verify the relationship between the results of laboratory tests with other research results. Understanding the flow characteristics in a narrow channel can be used to consider the design of channel engineering, especially irrigation canals. The results of the analysis show that the flow of water through the constriction undergoes a specific energy change. The maximum specific energy occurs at the sudden constriction type of 0.1339 m. The predicted results correlated moderately with experimental data from this and other studies. The application of specific energy for channel narrowing with upstream Es = downstream Es with Q = 0.0025 m3/s, then the maximum downstream water level elevation occurs in the form of a sudden narrowing of 0.1200 m. This value deviates from the results of laboratory tests with an elevation of 0.1310 m by 8%. This is due to setting and measurement errors during laboratory tests.