《冷战频率:中央情报局对苏联和东欧的秘密无线电广播》理查德·h·卡明斯著

IF 0.7 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Journal of Cold War Studies Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI:10.1162/jcws_r_01113
Nicholas J. Cull
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在一个由苏联和中国主导的共产主义集团中,美国确实找到了促进自身利益的方法。例如,朝鲜与印度、马来西亚和新加坡建立了战略友谊,以遏制“毛派极端主义”在中国文化大革命中的传播(第32页)。后来,朝鲜不顾苏联的抗议加入了不结盟运动,并利用它“拉拢”另一个共产主义异类南斯拉夫(第92页)。1989年东欧共产主义的垮台对平壤是一个沉重的打击。朝鲜在与第三世界国家的关系中失去了以往的影响力。1980年,朝鲜从其官方党的路线中删除了所有与马克思列宁主义有关的内容,但正如杨的书所示,社会主义国际主义远远超出了官方学说的范畴。从建筑工地到空中轰炸,从体操表演到报纸专栏,朝鲜社会主义国际主义的场所和留下的物质痕迹,与东欧的社会主义国际主义有着重要的共性。如果杨所说的“讲主体思想”并没有逐字逐句地使用阿尔巴尼亚共产主义的“新词汇”,那么这种语言至少是惊人地相互理解的。这些自治和反殖民主义的语言是只有“变节的”共产主义国家才会说,还是中欧和东欧的共产主义国家也会以特定国家的形式说?杨氏全面而有成就的词典邀请研究人员来决定。
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Cold War Frequencies: CIA Clandestine Radio Broadcasting to the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe by Richard H. Cummings
relationships with Third World states—did find ways to further its own interests in a Communist bloc dominated by the Soviet Union and China. The North Koreans fostered strategic friendships with India, Malaysia, and Singapore, for example, to stem the spread of “Maoist extremism” in the face of China’s Cultural Revolution (p. 32). Later, North Korea joined the NAM over Soviet protests and used it to “cozy up to” another Communist outlier, Yugoslavia (p. 92). The demise of East European Communism in 1989 came as a bitter blow to Pyongyang. The North Koreans lost their erstwhile leverage from relationships with Third World states. North Korea expunged all reference to Marxism-Leninism from its official party line in 1980 but, as Young’s book shows, socialist internationalism extended far beyond questions of official doctrine. From construction sites to aerial bombardment, from gymnastics performances to newspaper columns, the venues for and material traces left by North Korea’s socialist internationalism share important commonalities with its Eastern European equivalents. If what Young calls “speaking Juche” did not employ the “new vocabulary” of Albanian Communism quite word for word, then this language was at least strikingly mutually comprehensible. Were these languages of autonomy and anti-colonialism spoken only by “renegade” Communist states or also, in country-specific forms, by the Communist states of Central and Eastern Europe? Young’s comprehensive and accomplished lexicon invites researchers to decide.
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44
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