枯萎病的严重程度与尖孢镰刀菌和植物线虫的丰度相关——以香蕉种植园PTPN VIII Parakansalak为例

Mei Rani Tanjung, A. Munif, Y. Effendi, E. T. Tondok
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摘要

枯萎病的严重程度与尖孢镰刀菌和植物线虫的丰度相关——以香蕉种植园PTPN VIII为例Parakansalak尖孢镰刀菌f.sp.cubense是一种感染香蕉植物并导致枯萎的土传病原体。几项研究表明,植物多糖在帮助感染导致枯萎病的病原体方面发挥了作用。本研究旨在从土壤和感染枯萎病的香蕉根中确定植物线虫与尖孢镰刀菌的关系。从受感染的香蕉植株中获得土壤样本,并根据枯萎病严重程度的不同评分进行收集。然后根据评分对样本进行合成,并在实验室提取样本后测量每种病原体的丰度。从土壤中获得的植物线虫种群最高,为77g-1,疾病严重程度得分为4;最低的是得分为2的样品中的16g-1。至于根样品,得分为0的植物获得的植物线虫种群最高(85g-1),得分为3的植物获得最低(33g-1)。鉴定出两种植物线虫,即Helicotylenchus sp.和Radopolus sp.。用常规方法测定表明,尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense)的丰度在植物中最高,得分为1,即8.1×103cfu g-1土壤,在植物中最低,得分为0,即1.0×103cfug-1土壤。尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense)对枯萎病严重程度的影响为8.3%,可能导致0.6%的枯萎病。
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The Severity of Fusarium Wilt Disease in Correlation to the Abundance of Fusarium oxysporum and Phytonematodes: Case Study at Banana Plantation PTPN VIII Parakansalak
The Severity of Fusarium Wilt Disease in Correlation to the Abundance of Fusarium oxysporum and Phytonematodes: Case Study at Banana Plantation PTPN VIII Parakansalak Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense is a soil-borne pathogen that infects banana plants and causes wilt. Several studies demonstrated that phytomatodes have a role in helping infection of the pathogens that cause wilt. This study aims to determine the relationship between phytonematodes and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense from soil and banana roots infected with fusarium wilt. Soil samples was obtained from infected banana plants and collected based on different scores of fusarium wilt disease severity. Samples were then composited based on the score, and the abundance of each pathogen is measured following samples extraction in the laboratory. The highest population of phytonematodes was 77 g-1 obtained from soil with a disease severity score of 4; and the lowest was 16 g-1 from samples with a score of 2.  As for root samples, the highest population of phytonematodes (85 g-1) was obtained from plants with a score 0 and the lowest (33 g-1) was from plants with a score 3. Two species of phytonematodes were identified, i.e. Helicotylenchus sp. and Radopolus sp. Based on measurement using conventional methods showed that the abundance of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense was highest in plants with a score of 1, i.e. 8.1 × 103 cfu g-1 soil and lowest in plants with a score of 0 i.e. 1.0 × 103 cfu g-1 soil.  The effect of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense to the severity of fusarium wilt shows a positive relationship of 8.3% and it may contribute to cause fusarium wilt disease by 0.6%. This pathogen can cause wilting of bananas without the help of the phytonematode species found in this study.
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