{"title":"澳洲英语前语定冠词异型的五十年变迁","authors":"Felicity Cox, Joshua Penney, S. Palethorpe","doi":"10.1017/s002510032200007x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The English definite article has two major allomorphs: prevocalic /ðiː/ and preconsonantal /ðə/. Recent studies have shown changes to definite article allomorphy in some English varieties. Younger speakers, particularly from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, often use /ðə/ prevocalically rather than /ðiː/. The prevocalic definite article (PVDA) /ðiː/ facilitates management of vowel hiatus because it supports the emergence of [j] in preventing vowel adjacency (e.g. the ash [ðiːjœʃ]). An alternative strategy for separating adjacent vowels is glottalisation or glottal stop ([ðiːʔœʃ]). Few studies have explored the relationship between the vowel in the PVDA and hiatus management during the process of change. We report a diachronic analysis of Australian English (AusE) PVDA and associated hiatus management across a 50-year period (∼1960s to ∼2010s) and a synchronic analysis of present-day speakers from mainstream (MS) and non-mainstream (non-MS) (diverse) backgrounds using two read-sentence contexts. The aim is to provide insight into the process of change and factors that may influence its progression. Speech data from adolescents recorded in 1959/1960 were compared with recordings from Mainstream AusE-speaking (MS) young people recorded in the 2010s. Results showed significantly greater incidence of schwa in the PVDA and hiatus-breaking glottalisation in the modern data, particularly amongst females. The synchronic analysis comparing present-day MS and non-MS speakers showed increased use of glottalisation in females and non-MS speakers. Additionally, acoustic analysis showed more schwa-like productions in the PVDA by non-MS speakers. Of key importance in both analyses is that glottalisation was more prevalent than schwa, possibly indicating glottalisation triggered the change.","PeriodicalId":46444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Phonetic Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Fifty years of change to prevocalic definite article allomorphy in Australian English\",\"authors\":\"Felicity Cox, Joshua Penney, S. Palethorpe\",\"doi\":\"10.1017/s002510032200007x\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The English definite article has two major allomorphs: prevocalic /ðiː/ and preconsonantal /ðə/. Recent studies have shown changes to definite article allomorphy in some English varieties. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
英语定冠词有两个主要的异形:前音/ / i / /和前音/ /ð /。近年来的研究表明,在一些英语变体中,定冠词的异形发生了变化。年轻的发言者,特别是来自文化和语言不同背景的人,经常使用/ð æ /前置音,而不是/ði /。前音定冠词(PVDA) / / i / /有助于元音间断的管理,因为它支持[j]的出现,以防止元音邻接(例如灰[i / j / h])。另一种分离相邻元音的策略是声门发音或声门塞音([[i] h . h .])。很少有研究探讨元音变化过程中元音与语隙管理之间的关系。我们报告了澳大利亚英语(AusE) PVDA和相关的中断管理的历时分析,跨越50年(20世纪60年代至2010年代),并使用两种读句上下文对来自主流(MS)和非主流(非MS)(不同)背景的当今说话者进行了共时分析。其目的是深入了解变化的过程和可能影响其进展的因素。将1959/1960年记录的青少年语音数据与2010年代记录的主流母语(MS)年轻人的语音数据进行比较。结果显示,在现代数据中,特别是在女性中,PVDA中弱读音和裂孔破裂声门化的发生率明显更高。对现今多发性硬化症使用者和非多发性硬化症使用者的共时性分析显示,女性和非多发性硬化症使用者的全球化使用有所增加。此外,声学分析显示,非ms说话者在PVDA中产生更多的弱读音。在这两项分析中,至关重要的一点是,全球化比弱读音更为普遍,这可能表明全球化引发了这种变化。
Fifty years of change to prevocalic definite article allomorphy in Australian English
The English definite article has two major allomorphs: prevocalic /ðiː/ and preconsonantal /ðə/. Recent studies have shown changes to definite article allomorphy in some English varieties. Younger speakers, particularly from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, often use /ðə/ prevocalically rather than /ðiː/. The prevocalic definite article (PVDA) /ðiː/ facilitates management of vowel hiatus because it supports the emergence of [j] in preventing vowel adjacency (e.g. the ash [ðiːjœʃ]). An alternative strategy for separating adjacent vowels is glottalisation or glottal stop ([ðiːʔœʃ]). Few studies have explored the relationship between the vowel in the PVDA and hiatus management during the process of change. We report a diachronic analysis of Australian English (AusE) PVDA and associated hiatus management across a 50-year period (∼1960s to ∼2010s) and a synchronic analysis of present-day speakers from mainstream (MS) and non-mainstream (non-MS) (diverse) backgrounds using two read-sentence contexts. The aim is to provide insight into the process of change and factors that may influence its progression. Speech data from adolescents recorded in 1959/1960 were compared with recordings from Mainstream AusE-speaking (MS) young people recorded in the 2010s. Results showed significantly greater incidence of schwa in the PVDA and hiatus-breaking glottalisation in the modern data, particularly amongst females. The synchronic analysis comparing present-day MS and non-MS speakers showed increased use of glottalisation in females and non-MS speakers. Additionally, acoustic analysis showed more schwa-like productions in the PVDA by non-MS speakers. Of key importance in both analyses is that glottalisation was more prevalent than schwa, possibly indicating glottalisation triggered the change.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of the International Phonetic Association (JIPA) is a forum for work in the fields of phonetic theory and description. As well as including papers on laboratory phonetics/phonology and related topics, the journal encourages submissions on practical applications of phonetics to areas such as phonetics teaching and speech therapy, as well as the analysis of speech phenomena in relation to computer speech processing. It is especially concerned with the theory behind the International Phonetic Alphabet and discussions of the use of symbols for illustrating the phonetic structures of a wide variety of languages. JIPA now publishes online audio files to supplement written articles Published for the International Phonetic Association