Improving the Resistance to Wear and Mechanical Characteristics of Cladding Layers on Titanium and its Alloys: A Review

Because of inadequate hardness, low resistance to wear, and excess friction coefficient of titanium, and its alloys are limited in their applicability. Cladding, a type of surface modification process, is used to create layers on titanium and its alloys that have superior mechanical qualities, wear characteristics, oxidation resistance at high temperatures, and good biocompatibility. Material selection is critical for achieving the increased qualities mentioned above, in addition to various cladding techniques and associated process parameters. A review of the outcomes of various common wear-resistant cladding techniques applied to the titanium alloy surface is the subject of this study. The most important functional claddings in this domain are also presented and investigated in depth. The present issues and future initiatives are also discussed, with an emphasis on identifying knowledge and technological gaps as well as attempting to establish future research possibilities. On this foundation, it is suggested that in the coming years, resistant-to-wear cladding with significant improvements in toughness and hardness should progress on the path of smart manufacturing techniques, optimising and precisely customising microstructural configurations, and developing numerical simulation techniques of cladding.