Highlights of the Ninth Diabetes and Ramadan International Alliance conference (mena-zone virtual), January 21–22, 2021

The 9th “Ramadan and Diabetes” international alliance annual conference was held over 2 days (January 21–22, 2021) virtually due to health restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The program included several sessions covering various aspects of Ramadan fasting from physiology, nutrition, pharmacotherapies, mental well-being, and bioethical considerations. A good proportion of the conference was used to highlight the 2021 edition of the International Diabetes Federation-diabetes and Ramadan (DaR) recommendations on diabetes management during Ramadan. The proposed new risk stratification tool for objectively assessing patient's risk was discussed. Results of the DAR global survey of the impact of COVID-19 on fasting practices were reported during the event. Results of a couple of recent trials were presented during the conference. The conference closed by a thoughtful review of the grading of evidence and a futuristic vision of future research directions. The present report provides a concise overview of the conference to help those who did not have the opportunity to attend the live event.