印度古吉拉特邦某三级医院新生儿败血症相关危险因素及其细菌学特征研究

H. Chauhan, N. Khokhar, Parul C Patel, Gaurishanker P. Shrimali, K. Patel, Neha Makwana
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引用次数: 0

摘要

引言:新生儿败血症是发展中国家,尤其是印度等国发病率和死亡率的主要原因。根据不同生物体的参与,新生儿的死亡率不同。因此,早期发现致病微生物并识别风险因素有助于预防印度新生儿的死亡。目的:研究古吉拉特邦一家三级护理医院新生儿败血症的危险因素及其细菌学特征。方法:本研究为前瞻性观察性研究,采用有目的的抽样技术,对2021年11月至2022年10月1年内古吉拉特邦一家三级护理医院新生儿重症监护室收治的106名败血症血培养阳性新生儿进行了鉴定。结果:在106例新生儿中,与新生儿败血症相关的常见因素是性别、早产、法定出生体重、胎龄和败血症的发病率。胎粪染色液、妊娠高血压和羊水过少是新生儿败血症最常见的母体危险因素。血培养证实新生儿败血症主要由革兰氏阴性菌克雷伯菌肺炎引起。结论:新生儿败血症在早产和低出生体重儿中更为常见。早期发病的败血症更为常见,可以通过清洁阴道分娩来减少。早产和低出生仍然是新生儿重症监护室的主要表现,其次是呼吸窘迫综合征。产妇的危险因素,如胎粪染色液、妊娠高血压、羊水过少和阴道漏与新生儿败血症发病率的增加有关。
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Study of Risk Factors Associated with Neonatal Septicemia and Its Bacteriological Profile at one of the Tertiary Care Hospitals of Gujarat, India
Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity & mortality in developing countries especially like India. As per involvement of different organisms, mortality rates differ among neonates. So, early detection of causing organism along with the identification of risk factors helps to prevent mortality among Neonates in India. Objectives: To study the risk factors associated with neonatal septicemia and its bacteriological profile at one of the tertiary care hospital of Gujarat. Method: The study was prospective observational research study in which purposive sampling technique was used to identify the 106 neonates blood culture positive to sepsis admitted in NICU of one of the tertiary care hospital in Gujarat in time period of 1 year from Nov 2021 to Oct 2022. Results: Out of 106 neonates, common factors associated with neonatal septicemia were gender, prematurity, law birth weight, gestational age & onset of septicemia. Meconium stained liquor, Pregnancy induced hypertension & Oligohydramnios were the commonest maternal risk factor associated with neonatal sepsis. Blood culture proven sepsis in neonatal septicemia was predominantly caused by Gram negative organism Klebsiella pneumonia. Conclusion: Neonatal septicemia is more common in preterm & low birth weight neonates. Early onset septicemia is more common which can be curtailed by clean vaginal deliveries. Prematurity and low birth remains the major presentation for admission in NICU followed by respiratory distress syndrome. Maternal risk factors like meconium stained liquor, pregnancy induced hypertension oligohydramnios, & leaking per -vaginal are associated With increase in the incidence of neonatal septicemia.
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