美国北达科他州大豆和向日葵花田蜜蜂(膜翅目:蜜蜂总科)的调查

IF 0.2 4区 农林科学 Q4 ENTOMOLOGY Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society Pub Date : 2023-05-28 DOI:10.2317/0022-8567-95.1.1
V. Torrez, P. Beauzay, Ashley L. St. Clair, J. Knodel
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要:由于栖息地的丧失、杀虫剂的使用和其他因素,美国的蜜蜂数量正在减少,尤其是在种植严重的地区。在北达科他州(ND)等中西部州,大田作物种植广泛,当地蜜蜂资源往往稀少。大豆和向日葵是ND种植的两种主要作物,可以为蜜蜂群落提供花卉资源。为了解决这些作物对蜜蜂的重要性,我们在2018年使用蜂碗对大豆和向日葵田进行了采样。我们的目标是:1)确定ND东南部开花大豆和向日葵中蜜蜂的群落组成、丰度和物种丰富度;2) 确定每种作物不同开花阶段蜜蜂的数量;以及3)评估碗颜色用于监测蜜蜂的有效性。我们总共收集了3038只蜜蜂和53个不同的物种。Apidae是两种作物中最常见的蜜蜂,收集到的蜜蜂占82.4%。总体而言,蜜蜂的群落组成、丰度和物种丰富度在不同作物之间没有显著差异;然而,丰度表明,大豆中采集的蜜蜂比向日葵多116.8%。无论作物如何,田地边缘的蜜蜂数量比从田地内部捕获的蜜蜂数量高18.2%;然而,不同田地边缘和内部的物种丰富度没有差异。蜜蜂的数量在任何一种作物的开花阶段都没有差异,向日葵除外。R6(开花完成)的向日葵比R5.5(开花中期)的向日葵有更高的蜜蜂丰度,这可能是因为开花结束时碗更具吸引力和可见性。蓝碗捕获了大多数蜜蜂。在这两种作物中,蓝色和黄色的碗捕获的蜜蜂明显多于白色和红色的碗。本研究中确定的蜜蜂的相对多样性和丰度增加了我们对ND种植的大豆和向日葵中蜜蜂群落的了解。
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Survey of Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) in Flowering Soybean and Sunflower Fields in North Dakota
ABSTRACT: Bees are declining in the U.S., especially in heavily cropped landscapes due to habitat loss, pesticide use, and other factors. In Midwestern states like North Dakota (ND), where field crops are grown extensively, native resources for bees are often sparse. Soybean and sunflower are two major crops grown in ND which could provide floral resources for bee communities. To address the importance of these crops for bees, we sampled soybean and sunflower fields in 2018 using bee bowls. Our objectives were: 1) to determine the community composition, abundance, and species richness of bees in flowering soybean and sunflower grown in southeastern ND; 2) to determine the bee abundance at different flowering stages of each crop; and 3) to evaluate the effectiveness of bowl colors for monitoring bees. We collected a total of 3,038 bees and 53 different species. Apidae was the most common bee trapped across both crops with 82.4% of collected bees. Overall, community composition, abundance, and species richness of bees were not significantly different between crops; however, abundance indicated that 116.8% more bees were collected in soybean than sunflower. Regardless of crop, bee abundance at field edges was 18.2% higher than those captured from field interiors; however, species richness did not differ between field edges and interiors. Bee abundance did not differ across flowering stages of either crop, with one exception in sunflowers. Sunflower at R6 (flowering completed) had much higher bee abundance than sunflower at R5.5 (mid-flowering), probably due to the bowls being more attractive and visible as flowering ended. Blue bowls captured the majority of bees. Both blue and yellow bowls captured significantly more bees than white and red bowls across both crops. The relative bee diversity and abundance identified in this study increased our knowledge of bee communities in soybean and sunflower grown in ND.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
12
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society is a publication of the Kansas (Central States) Entomological Society, publishes research on all aspects of the sciences of entomology, and has world-wide authorship and readership.
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