空间经济中的区域间和区域内不平等

IF 3.2 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Journal of Regional Science Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI:10.1111/jors.12646
Juan Carlos Lopez, Tadashi Morita
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在本文中,我们建立了一个具有不同技能和流动性的工人的三区域经济地理模型,以考虑第一性质的区域差异如何影响区域间和区域内的不平等。在我们的模型中,区域内的技能溢价既总结了流动的熟练工人与不流动的非技术工人之间的区域内不平等程度,也通过不同地区的非技术工人福利差异总结了区域间的不平等。相对于其他地区而言,技能溢价最高的地区具有最大程度的区域内不平等,并为非熟练工人提供最低水平的福利。我们发现,在非熟练劳动力供应较多、住房供应较低或更偏远的地区,技能溢价会更高。一个地区的住房供应或中心地位的增加将降低地区内的不平等,提高当地非熟练劳动力的福利。然而,这些变化的幅度在该地区熟练工人的初始数量上正在下降。将该模型推广到考虑非完全弹性住房供应的情况。住房的价格弹性越大,价值范围就越大,因此人口越多的地区将拥有不成比例的技术工人,区域内不平等水平较低,并为非技术工人提供更高水平的福利。
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Inter- and intraregional inequality in a spatial economy

In this paper, we develop a three-region economic geography model with workers of heterogeneous skills and mobility rates to consider how first-nature, regional differences impact both inter- and intraregional inequality. In our model, the skill premium within a region summarizes both the degree of intraregional inequality between mobile, skilled workers and immobile, unskilled workers and the interregional inequality through differences in the welfare of unskilled workers across regions. Regions with the highest skill premium have the greatest degree of intraregional inequality and provide the lowest level of welfare to unskilled workers, relative to other regions. We find that the skill premium will be higher in regions with a greater supply of unskilled labor, lower supply of housing, or are more remote. An increase in a region's housing supply or centrality will lower intraregional inequality and raise the welfare of the local, unskilled workforce. However, the magnitude of these changes are declining in the initial number of skilled workers in the region. The model is extended to consider imperfectly elastic housing supply. The larger the price elasticity of housing, the larger the range of values, such that more populated regions will host a disproportionate share of skilled workers, have lower levels of intraregional inequality, and provide higher levels of welfare for unskilled workers.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
6.70%
发文量
54
期刊介绍: The Journal of Regional Science (JRS) publishes original analytical research at the intersection of economics and quantitative geography. Since 1958, the JRS has published leading contributions to urban and regional thought including rigorous methodological contributions and seminal theoretical pieces. The JRS is one of the most highly cited journals in urban and regional research, planning, geography, and the environment. The JRS publishes work that advances our understanding of the geographic dimensions of urban and regional economies, human settlements, and policies related to cities and regions.
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