墨西哥关于废水管理的法律框架:以南下加利福尼亚州为例

IF 0.3 Q3 LAW Mexican Law Review Pub Date : 2021-01-05 DOI:10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2021.2.15337
Ana Teresa Valdivia Alvarado, A. Gámez, L. F. B. Morales, A. Ortega-Rubio
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引用次数: 2

摘要

废水是沿海生态系统污染的主要原因之一,对粮食安全、饮用水获取、公众健康和生态系统生存构成威胁。然而,废水也可以是一种可靠的替代水源,只要做出具体的改变。墨西哥广泛而复杂的法律框架涉及各种政府机构和重叠的司法管辖区,因此很难确定各种行为者的具体责任,并在废水管理领域执行问责制。本文的目的是分析相关法律,以确定是立法本身产生了不利的环境影响,还是这些影响是废水管理系统实施的结果。在本研究中,我们分析了适用于三级政府的法律框架,以便从以前未开发的角度澄清这些政府实体之间的联系,这将是一个有用的出发点,为未来的研究。为此,下加利福尼亚州(位于墨西哥西北部)作为一个案例研究,因为它是面临水资源短缺的脆弱沿海地区的代表。本文采用的废水法规的方法和系统分析有助于评估当前围绕废水管理的法律框架的有效性,以及确定为实现环境可持续性和为今世后代保护水资源所需的变化。
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Mexico’s Legal Framework Regarding Wastewater Management: A Case Study of Baja California Sur
Wastewater is one of the principal causes of coastal ecosystem pollution and poses a threat to food security, drinking water access, public health, and ecosystem survival. However, wastewater can also be a reliable alternative source of water, provided specific changes are made. Mexico’s extensive and com¬plex legal framework involving various governmental agencies and overlapping jurisdictions makes it difficult to ascertain the specific responsibilities of various actors and enforce accountability in the area of wastewater management. The aim of this paper is to analyze the relevant law in order to determine whether it is the legislation itself which is generating adverse environmental impacts, or whether these impacts are the result of the wastewater management system as implemented. In this study, we analyze the legal framework applicable at each of the three levels of government in order to clarify the connections between these governmental entities from a perspective that has not been previously developed, which will be a useful point of departure for future research. To this end, the state of Baja California Sur (in northwestern Mexico) is presented as a case study insofar as it is representative of vulnerable coastal regions facing water scarcity. The methodology and systematic analysis of wastewater regulations employed in this paper facilitate both an evaluation of the efficacy of the current legal framework surrounding wastewater management, as well as the identification of changes needed in order to achieve environmental sustainability and protect water resources for present and future generations.
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