Measuring the Determining Factors of Financial Development of Commercial Banks in Selected SAARC Countries

Traditional banks face the issue of risk diversification, and it is dealt with when they evolve into financial institutions. So, the present study aims to investigate banking and off-balance sheet (OBS)-based risks and regulatory changes in certain age-old South Asian (SA) banks and finds the tenacity of the OBS in the long run. For these research goals, two estimates are applied: fixed effects (FE) and generalized method of moments (GMM). Using FE, the researchers estimate the realm and time for finding financial shocks and other time-related factors affecting the SA countries. The majority of findings reveal a constant market theory stating the performance of SA in assessing OBS-related risks. Banks in SA also seem to follow the market regulatory and TT in capital needs that will incentivize banks to take too much risk in off-balance sheet activities (OBSA). The research findings are practically applied to bank-related risks, pressure from regulatory restructuring, and dangers from the systematic factors beneficial to policymakers and practitioners.